Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T02:59:39.914Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Metabolites from Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain D7 Inhibit Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) Seedling Growth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David R. Gealy ,
S. Gurusiddaiah ,
Alex G. Ogg Jr.  and
Ann C. Kennedy
David R. Gealy
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., NRGEEC, P.O. Box 287, Stuttgart, AR 72160
S. Gurusiddaiah
Affiliation:
Washington State Univ., 514 Science Hall, Pullman, WA 99164-4235
Alex G. Ogg Jr.
Affiliation:
USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., 165 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6416
Ann C. Kennedy
Affiliation:
USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., 215A Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6421
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Phytotoxins produced by the naturally-occurring rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7 (strain D7), in shake cultures from several media sources adversely affected downy brome at several growth stages and affected seeds, whole plants, and isolated cells. These uncharacterized phytotoxins inhibited root and shoot growth of downy brome by 80% in a seed germination agar assay at 2 and 400 ng total solids/ml, respectively. In a hydroponics assay, downy brome and winter wheat dry weights were reduced 50% by cell-free broth concentrations of 15 and 26% of the initial broth concentration, respectively, indicating an almost 2x selectivity between winter wheat and downy brome. Plant water use was reduced similarly. Plasma membranes of isolated protoplasts of downy brome were damaged within 2 h by diluted cell-free broth. Cold-precipitated phytotoxins of strain D7 produced in semi-synthetic and synthetic media reduced dry weight of downy brome seedlings by 100 and 89%, respectively, and killed plants rapidly.

Keywords

Downy brome, Bromus tectorum L. # BROTEwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Bioassaybioherbicidebiological controlprotoplastrootBROTE
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 10 , Issue 2 , June 1996 , pp. 282 - 287
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bolton, H. Jr., and Elliott, L. F. 1989. Toxin production by a rhizobacterial Pseudomonas sp. that inhibits wheat root growth. Plant Soil 114:269–278.Google Scholar
2. Buman, R. A., Gealy, D. R., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1991. Inhibition of photosynthesis in downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) protoplasts by metribuzin and its ethylthio analog. Weed Sci. 39:13–17.Google Scholar
3. Elliott, L. F., and Kennedy, A. C. 1991. Method for screening bacteria and application thereof for field control of the weed downy brome. United States Patent no. 5,030,562. SN 07/207,592. Granted July 9, 1991.Google Scholar
4. Gealy, D. R., Gurusiddaiah, S., and Ogg, A. G. Jr., 1996 Isolation and characterization of metabolites from Pseudomonas syringae-strain 3366 and their phytotoxicity against certain weed and crop species. Weed Sci. 44:(In press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Gurusiddaiah, S., Gealy, D. R., Kennedy, A. C., and Ogg, A. G. Jr., 1994. Isolation and characterization of metabolites from Pseudomonas fluorescens-D7 for control of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.). Weed Sci. 42:492–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Hoagland, D. R., and Arnon, D. I. 1950. The water culture method for growing plants without soil. California Agric. Exp. Stn. Cir. 347. 32 p.Google Scholar
7. Johnson, B. N., Kennedy, A. C., and Ogg, A. G. Jr., 1993. Suppression of downy brome growth by a rhizobacterium in controlled environments. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:73–77.Google Scholar
8. Kennedy, A. C., Elliott, L. F., Young, F. L., and Douglas, C. L. 1991. Rhizobacteria suppressive to the weed downy brome. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55:722–727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. King, E. O., Ward, M. K., and Raney, D. E. 1954. Two simple media for the demonstration-of pyocyanin and fluoresein. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 44:301–307.Google Scholar
10. Kremer, R. J., and Kennedy, A. C. 1996. Rhizobacteria as biocontrol agents of weeds. Weed Technol. 10:(In press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Morrow, L. A., and Stahlman, P. W. 1984. The history and distribution of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in North America. Weed Sci. 32(Suppl. 1):2–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Papendick, R. I., and Miller, D. E. 1977. Conservation tillage in the Pacific Northwest. J. Soil Water Conserv. 32:49–56.Google Scholar
13. Peeper, T. F., 1984. Integrated systems for control and management of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in wheat and alfalfa in North America. Weed Sci. 32(Suppl. 1):18–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Put, H.M.C., and Klop, W. 1990. The effects of microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) in vase water on the water relations and the vase life of Rosa cv. Sonia. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 68:367–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Sands, D. C., and Rovira, A. D. 1970. Isolation of fluorescent pseudomonads with a selective medium. Appl. Microbiol. 20:513–514.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Tranel, P. J., Gealy, D. R., and Irzyk, G. P. 1993. Physiological responses of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) roots to Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7 phytotoxin. Weed Sci. 41:483–489.Google Scholar
17. Tranel, P. J., Gealy, D. R., and Kennedy, A. C. 1993. Inhibition of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) root growth by a phytotoxin from Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7, Weed Technol. 7:134–139.Google Scholar
18. Wicks, G. A., 1984. Integrated systems for control and management of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in cropland. Weed Sci. 32(Suppl. 1):26–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Wintermans, J.F.G.M., and DeMots, A. 1965. Spectrophotometric characteristics of chlorophyll a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 109:448–453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar