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Management of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) in grain sorghum with integrated strategies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2019

Marshall M. Hay Open the ORCID record for Marshall M. Hay [Opens in a new window] ,
J. Anita Dille  and
Dallas E. Peterson
Marshall M. Hay*
Affiliation:
Graduate Student
J. Anita Dille
Affiliation:
Professors, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Dallas E. Peterson
Affiliation:
Professors, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Marshall M. Hay, Kansas State University, Department of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, 1712 Claflin Road, Manhattan, KS, 66506. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Pigweed is difficult to manage in grain sorghum because of widespread herbicide resistance, a limited number of registered effective herbicides, and the synchronous emergence of pigweed with grain sorghum in Kansas. The combination of cultural and mechanical control tactics with an herbicide program are commonly recognized as best management strategies; however, limited information is available to adapt these strategies to dryland systems. Our objective for this research was to assess the influence of four components, including a winter wheat cover crop (CC), row-crop cultivation, three row widths, with and without a herbicide program, on pigweed control in a dryland system. Field trials were implemented during 2017 and 2018 at three locations for a total of 6 site-years. The herbicide program component resulted in excellent control (>97%) in all treatments at 3 and 8 weeks after planting (WAP). CC provided approximately 50% reductions in pigweed density and biomass for both timings in half of the site-years; however, mixed results were observed in the remaining site-years, ranging from no attributable difference to a 170% increase in weed density at 8 WAP in 1 site-year. Treatments including row-crop cultivation reduced pigweed biomass and density in most site-years 3 and 8 WAP. An herbicide program is required to achieve pigweed control and should be integrated with row-crop cultivation or narrow row widths to reduce the risk of herbicide resistance. Additional research is required to optimize the use of CC as an integrated pigweed management strategy in dryland grain sorghum.

Keywords

Daniel Stephenson, Louisana State University Agricultural CenterpigweedAmaranthus sppgrain sorghumSorghum bicolor (L.) Moenchwinter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Cover cropherbicide resistancenarrow row widthsrow-crop cultivationweed management
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 33 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 701 - 709
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

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