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Management of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) in Western Oregon with Preemergence Applications of Pyroxasulfone in Winter Wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Andrew G. Hulting ,
Joseph T. Dauer ,
Barbara Hinds-Cook ,
Daniel Curtis ,
Rebecca M. Koepke-Hill  and
Carol Mallory-Smith
Andrew G. Hulting*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Joseph T. Dauer
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Barbara Hinds-Cook
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Daniel Curtis
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Rebecca M. Koepke-Hill
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Carol Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Management of Italian ryegrass in cereal-based cropping systems continues to be a major production constraint in areas of the United States, including the soft white winter wheat producing regions of the Pacific Northwest. Pyroxasulfone is a soil-applied herbicide with the potential to control broadleaf and grass weed species, including grass weed biotypes resistant to group 1, 2, and 7 herbicides, in several crops for which registration has been completed or is pending, including wheat, corn, sunflower, dry bean, and soybean. Field experiments were conducted from 2006 through 2009 near Corvallis, OR, to evaluate the potential for Italian ryegrass control in winter wheat with applications of pyroxasulfone. Application rates of PRE treatments ranged from 0.05 to 0.15 kg ai ha−1. All treatments were compared to standard Italian ryegrass soil-applied herbicides used in winter wheat, including diuron, flufenacet, and flufenacet + metribuzin. Visual evaluations of Italian ryegrass and ivyleaf speedwell control and winter wheat injury were made at regular intervals following applications. Winter wheat yields were quantified at grain maturity. Ivyleaf speedwell control was variable, and Italian ryegrass control following pyroxasulfone applications ranged from 65 to 100% and was equal to control achieved with flufenacet and flufenacet + metribuzin treatments and greater than that achieved with diuron applications. Winter wheat injury from pyroxasulfone ranged from 0 to 8% and was most associated with the 0.15–kg ha−1 application rate. However, this early-season injury did not negatively impact winter wheat yield. Pyroxasulfone applied at the application rates and timings in these studies resulted in high levels of activity on Italian ryegrass and excellent winter wheat safety. Based on the results, pyroxasulfone has the potential to be used as a soil-applied herbicide in winter wheat for Italian ryegrass management and its utility for management of other important grass and broadleaf weeds of cereal-based cropping systems should be evaluated.

El manejo de Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum en sistemas de cultivos a base de cereales, continúa siendo una de las mayores limitantes en áreas de U.S.A., incluyendo el Pacífico Noroeste que es la zona productora de trigo blanco-suave de invierno. Pyroxasulfone es un herbicida aplicado al suelo con potencial de control de malezas de hoja ancha y zacates, incluyendo zacates resistentes a herbicidas de los Grupos 1, 2 y 7, en varios cultivos para los cuales el registro se ha completado o está pendiente incluyendo trigo, maíz, girasol, frijoles y soya. Se realizaron experimentos de campo durante 2006-2009 cerca de Corvallis, OR, para evaluar el potencial de control de L. perenne ssp. multiflorum en trigo de invierno con aplicaciones de pyroxasulfone. Las dosis de aplicación de tratamientos PRE estuvieron en el rango 0.005-015 kg ai ha-1. Todos los tratamientos fueron comparados con los tratamientos estándar de herbicidas aplicados al suelo para el control de dicha maleza, los cuales incluyeron diuron, flufenacet, y flufenacet + metribuzin. Evaluaciones visuales del control de L. perenne ssp. multiflorum y Veronica hederifolia y el daño en el trigo fueron realizadas a intervalos regulares después de las aplicaciones. El rendimiento del trigo fue cuantificado cuando los granos alcanzaron la madurez. El control de V. hederifolia fue variable, mientras que el de L. perenne ssp. multiflorum después de las aplicaciones con pyroxasulfone fueron de 65 a 100%, que fue igual al control alcanzado con los tratamientos de flufenacet y flufenacet + metribuzin, y mayor al control con aplicaciones de diuron. El daño en el trigo causado por pyroxasulfone fue 0 a 8% y estuvo más asociado a la dosis de 0.15 kg ha-1. Sin embargo, este daño, temprano en el ciclo del cultivo, no afectó negativamente el rendimiento. Las aplicaciones de pyroxasulfone a las dosis y momentosusados en estos estudios, resultaron en altos niveles de actividad sobre L. perenne ssp. multiflorum y excelente seguridad para el trigo de invierno. Basado en los resultados, pyroxasulfone tiene el potencial de ser usado como herbicida aplicado al suelo en trigo de invierno para el manejo de L. perenne ssp. multiflorum y se debería evaluar su importancia para el manejo otras malezas de hoja ancha y zacates en sistemas de cultivos a base de cereales.

Keywords

DiuronflufenacetpyroxasulfonemetribuzinItalian ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnotivyleaf speedwell, Veronica hederifolia L.wheat, Triticum sppCrop safetysoil-applied herbicides
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , June 2012 , pp. 230 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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