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Invert Emulsions: Carrier and Water Source for the Mycoherbicide, Alternaria cassiae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

D. J. Daigle ,
W. J. Connick Jr. ,
Paul C. Quimby Jr. ,
Janice Evans ,
Brenda Trask-Morrell  and
F. E. Fulgham
D. J. Daigle
Affiliation:
South. Regional Res. Cent., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., New Orleans, LA 70179
W. J. Connick Jr.
Affiliation:
South. Regional Res. Cent., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., New Orleans, LA 70179
Paul C. Quimby Jr.
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Stoneville, MS 38776
Janice Evans
Affiliation:
South. Regional Res. Cent., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., New Orleans, LA 70179
Brenda Trask-Morrell
Affiliation:
South. Regional Res. Cent., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., New Orleans, LA 70179
F. E. Fulgham
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Stoneville, MS 38776
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Abstract

The weed sicklepod, a problem in the cultivation of soybean, cotton, and peanut, can be controlled by the mycoherbicide, Alternaria cassiae. However, the presence of water (dew) for an extended period is required by the fungal spores to germinate and infect the target weed. Preliminary tests with invert (water-in-oil) emulsions containing paraffin wax, paraffin oil, lecithin, and water indicated that about 10% (w/w) water, maintained over an 18-h period, was necessary under laboratory conditions for significant germination of the fungus. The ability to maintain that amount of water in the invert emulsion depended upon spray deposit size, adjuvants, and oil phase: water ratio. Paraffin wax was an effective adjuvant for reducing water evaporation and increasing sicklepod mortality in the greenhouse.

Keywords

Sicklepod, Cassia obtusifolia L. ♯4 CASOBcotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.peanut, Arachis hypogea L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Alternaria cassiae Jurair and KhanBiological controlformulationparaffin waxsicklepodwater evaporationCASOB
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 4 , Issue 2 , June 1990 , pp. 327 - 331
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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