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Interaction of Rice Residue and PRE Herbicides on Emergence and Biomass of Four Weed Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath S. Chauhan  and
Seth B. Abugho
Bhagirath S. Chauhan*
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
Seth B. Abugho
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Studies were conducted in a screenhouse to determine the interaction of rice residue as mulch (0, 3, and 6 t ha−1) and herbicides (nontreated, oxadiazon at 0.5 and 1.0 kg ai ha−1, and pendimethalin at 1.0 and 2.0 kg ai ha−1) on seedling emergence and biomass of barnyardgrass, crowfootgrass, junglerice, and rice flatsedge. Regardless of the residue amount, crowfootgrass and junglerice were effectively controlled by all herbicide treatments. No seedlings of these weed species escaped the herbicides when applied in the presence of residue cover. There was no survival of barnyardgrass seedlings when both herbicides were applied on bare soil (without residue cover); however, some seedlings survived oxadiazon and pendimethalin when applied in the presence of residue cover. For rice flatsedge, the herbicide applications in the presence of residue cover resulted in lower weed control than in the absence of residue. These results suggest that some weed species can escape the application of PRE herbicides in conservation agriculture systems in which residue can bind soil-applied herbicides and result in lower efficacy.

Se realizaron estudios en un invernadero para determinar la interacción de los residuos del arroz como cobertura (0, 3 y 6 t ha−1) y herbicidas (testigo no-tratado, oxadiazon a 0.5 y 1.0 kg ai ha−1, y pendimethalin a 1.0 y 2.0 kg ai ha−1) sobre la emergencia de plántulas y la biomasa de Echinochloa crus-galli, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Echinochloa colona y Cyperus iria. Sin importar la cantidad de cobertura, D. aegyptium y E. colona fueron controladas efectivamente por todos los tratamientos de herbicidas. Ninguna plántula de estas especies de malezas escaparon a los herbicidas cuando se aplicó en presencia de la cobertura con residuos de arroz. No hubo sobrevivencia de plántulas de E. crus-galli, cuando ambos herbicidas se aplicaron sobre suelo desnudo (sin cobertura de residuos); sin embargo, algunas plántulas sobrevivieron a oxadiazon y pendimethalin cuando estos se aplicaron en presencia de la cobertura de residuos. Para C. iria, las aplicaciones de herbicidas en presencia de la cobertura resultó en menor control que en la ausencia de residuos. Estos resultados sugieren que algunas especies de malezas pueden escapar a las aplicaciones de herbicidas PRE en sistemas de agricultura de conservación en los cuales los herbicidas aplicados al suelo pueden adherirse a los residuos disminuyendo su eficacia.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. ECHCGcrowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. DTTAEjunglerice, Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. ECHCOrice flatsedge, Cyperus iria L. CYPIRrice, Oryza sativa L. ORYSAAerobic systemsbiomassdry-seeded riceefficacyemergence
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 627 - 632
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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