Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T05:32:46.627Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interaction of Insects, Fungi, and Burial on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Seed Viability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert J. Kremer  and
Neal R. Spencer
Robert J. Kremer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Prod. Res. Unit, Univ. Mo., Columbia, MO 65211
Neal R. Spencer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., North. Plains Res. Lab., Sidney, MT 59270
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A scentless plant bug feeds on velvetleaf seeds. Fungi, dominated by the genera Fusarium and Alternaria, were isolated from insect-attacked seeds at levels related to insect density on the plants. The combined effects of insect feeding and fungal infection decreased seed germination. Burial of insect-attacked seeds in soil for 24 months reduced seed survival and increased Fusarium infection. Decreases in velvetleaf seed viability and survival in soil caused by a seed-feeding insect and associated seed fungi suggests that subsequent infestations by velvetleaf can be decreased through integrated use of the two biological control agents.

Keywords

Scentless plant bug, Niesthrea louisianica Sailervelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. #3 ABUTHBiocontrolseedborne microorganismsburied seedseed longevityABUTH
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , June 1989 , pp. 322 - 328
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Agrios, G. N. 1980. Insect involvement in the transmission of fungal pathogens. p. 293–324 in Harris, K. F. and Maramorosch, K., eds. Vectors of Plant Pathogens. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
2. Aldrich, R. J. 1984. Weed-Crop Ecology. Breton Publ., North Scituate, MA.Google Scholar
3. Biniak, B. M., and Aldrich, R. J. 1986. Reducing velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) seed production with simulated-roller herbicide applications. Weed Sci. 34:256–259.Google Scholar
4. Charudattan, R., Perkins, B. D., and Littell, R. C. 1978. Effects of fungi and bacteria on the decline of arthropod-damaged water-hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) in Florida. Weed Sci. 26:101–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Egley, G. H., and Chandler, J. M. 1978. Germination and viability of weed seeds after 2.5 years in a 50-year buried seed study Weed Sci. 26:230–239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Egley, G. H., and Chandler, J. M. 1983. Longevity of weed seeds after 5.5 years in the Stoneville 50-year buried seed study. Weed Sci. 31:264–270.Google Scholar
7. Harris, P. 1973. The selection of effective agents for the biological control of weeds. Can. Entomol. 105:1495–1503.Google Scholar
8. Jones, W. A., Walker, H. E., Quimby, P. C., and Ouzts, J. D. 1985. Biology of Niesthrea louisianica (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae) on selected plants and its potential for biocontrol of velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 78:326–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Kirkpatrick, B. L., and Bazzaz, F. A. 1979. Influence of certain fungi on seed germination and seedling survival of four colonizing annuals. J. Appl. Ecol. 16:515–527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Kremer, R. J., and Spencer, N. R. 1988. Relationship of the scentless plant bug (Niesthrea louisianica) to infection of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seeds by fungi. Proc. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 28:49–50.Google Scholar
11. Kremer, R. J., Hughes, L. B. Jr., and Aldrich, R. J. 1984. Examination of microorganisms and deterioration resistance mechanisms associated with velvetleaf seeds. Agron. J. 76:745–749.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. LaCroix, L. J., and Staniforth, D. W. 1964. Seed dormancy in velvetleaf. Weeds 12:171–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Lueschen, W. E., and Andersen, R. N. 1980. Longevity of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seeds in soil under agricultural practices. Weed Sci. 28:341–346.Google Scholar
14. Patterson, D. T., Coffin, R. D., and Spencer, N. R. 1987. Effects of temperature on damage to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) by the scentless plant bug Niesthrea louisianica . Weed Sci. 35:324–327.Google Scholar
15. Spencer, N. R. 1987. Niesthrea louisianica (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae) reduces velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae), seed production and viability. Environ. Entomol. 16:963–966.Google Scholar
16. Spencer, N. R. 1988. Inundative biological control of velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti [Malvaceae] with Niesthrea louisianica (Hem: Rhopalidae]. Entomophaga 33:267–275.Google Scholar
17. Templeton, G. E., and Smith, R. J. Jr. 1977. Managing weeds with pathogens. p. 167–176 in Horsfall, J. G. and Cowling, E. B., eds. Plant Disease: An Advanced Treatise, Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
18. Turnipseed, S. G., and Kogan, M. 1987. Integrated control of insect pests. p. 779–817 in Wilcox, J. R., ed. Soybeans: Improvement, Production, and Uses, Second ed. Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, WI.Google Scholar