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Integrated Weed Management Systems Identified for Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) in the Pacific Northwest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Frank L. Young ,
Daniel A. Ball ,
Donn C. Thill ,
J. Richard Alldredge ,
Alex G. Ogg Jr.  and
Steven S. Seefeldt
Frank L. Young*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646420, Pullman, WA 99164-6420
Daniel A. Ball
Affiliation:
Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Pendleton, OR 97801
Donn C. Thill
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843
J. Richard Alldredge
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, Washington State University, P.O. Box 643144, Pullman, WA 99164-3144
Alex G. Ogg Jr.
Affiliation:
Ten Sleep, WY 82442
Steven S. Seefeldt
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7200
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Jointed goatgrass is an invasive winter annual grass weed that is a particular problem in the low to intermediate rainfall zones of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). For the most part, single-component research has been the focus of previous jointed goatgrass studies. In 1996, an integrated cropping systems study for the management of jointed goatgrass was initiated in Washington, Idaho, and Oregon in the traditional winter wheat (WW)–fallow (F) region of the PNW. The study evaluated eight integrated weed management (IWM) systems that included combinations of either a one-time stubble burn (B) or a no-burn (NB) treatment, a rotation of either WW–F–WW or spring wheat (SW)–F–WW, and either a standard (S) or an integrated (I) practice of planting winter wheat. This study is the first, to our knowledge, to evaluate and identify complete IWM systems for jointed goatgrass control in winter wheat. At the Idaho location, in a very low weed density, no IWM system was identified that consistently had the highest yield, reduced grain dockage, and reduced weed densities. However, successful IWM systems for jointed goatgrass management were identified as weed populations increased. At the Washington location, in a moderate population of jointed goatgrass, the best IWM system based on the above responses was the B:SW–F–WW:S system. At the Washington site, this system was better than the integrated planting system because the competitive winter wheat variety did not perform well in drought conditions during the second year of winter wheat. At the Oregon site, a location with a high weed density, the system B:SW–F–WW:I produced consistently higher grain yields, reduced grain dockage, and reduced jointed goatgrass densities. These integrated systems, if adopted by PNW growers in the wheat–fallow area, would increase farm profits by decreasing dockage, decreasing farm inputs, and reducing herbicide resistance in jointed goatgrass.

La Aegilops cylindrica Host AEGCY es un zacate invasivo anual de invierno, que representa un problema en zonas de lluvia de escasa a moderada del Pacifico Noreste (PNW). En la mayoría de los casos, el enfoque de los estudios previos acerca de Aegilops cilíndrica, ha sido la investigación de un solo componente. En 1996, un estudio integrado de sistemas de cultivo para el manejo de Aegilops cylindrica, se inició en Washington, Idaho y Oregón en la región tradicional Triticum aestivum L. de invierno (WW)–barbecho (F) en el PNW. El estudio evaluó ocho sistemas integrados de manejo de malezas (IWM) que incluyeron combinaciones de ya sea, una quema única de rastrojos (B) o sin quema (NB), o bien de una rotación de WW–F–WW o Triticum aestivum L. de primavera (SW)–F–WW y de una práctica normal (S) o una integrada (I) de siembra de Triticum aestivum L. de invierno. Este estudio es el primero en evaluar e identificar sistemas completos IWM para el control de Aegilops cylindrica en el cultivo de Triticum aestivum L. de invierno. En la locación Idaho, con muy baja densidad de malezas, no se identificó ningún sistema IWM que consistentemente logrará reducir al máximo la pérdida del grano y las densidades de la maleza. Sin embargo, se identificaron sistemas IWM exitosos para el manejo de Aegilops cilíndrica conforme se fueron identificando las poblaciones de las malezas. En la locación Washington, con una moderada población de Aegilops cylindrica, el mejor sistema IWM basado en la respuesta anteriormente citada fue el sistema B:SW–F–WW:S. En Washington, este sistema fue mejor que el sistema de siembra integrado porque la variedad competitiva del Triticum aestivum L. de invierno no se desarrollo bien en condiciones de sequía durante el segundo año. En Oregón, una locación con una alta densidad de malezas, el sistema B:SW–F–WW:I obtuvo consistentemente mayores rendimientos de grano, redujo la pérdida del mismo y disminuyó la densidad de Aegilops cylindrica. Si los productores en PNW adoptaran estos sistemas integrados en la región del Triticum aestivum L.–barbecho, incrementarían sus ganancias al disminuir la pérdida del grano, los insumos del campo y la resistencia del Aegilops cylindrica al herbicida.

Keywords

Jointed goatgrassAegilops cylindrica Host AEGCYwheatTriticum aestivum L. ‘Madsen’‘Stephens’‘Penawawa’‘Rod’‘Eltan’‘Alpowa’Crop productionintegrated planting practicescrop rotation
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2010 , pp. 430 - 439
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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