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Herbicide Strategies for Managing Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Resistant to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Soybean (Glycine max)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ryan Wolf ,
Sharon A. Clay  and
Leon J. Wrage
Ryan Wolf
Affiliation:
South Dakota State University, Plant Science Department, Brookings, SD 57007
Sharon A. Clay*
Affiliation:
South Dakota State University, Plant Science Department, Brookings, SD 57007
Leon J. Wrage
Affiliation:
South Dakota State University, Plant Science Department, Brookings, SD 57007
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Kochia (Kochia scoparia) control dropped from about 90% to less than 20% after three consecutive annual applications of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in several northeastern South Dakota fields. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate control of kochia resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides using combinations of herbicides applied postemergence (POST) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and using herbicides applied preemergence (PRE), POST, and PRE plus POST in soybean (Glycine max). Thifensulfuron plus tribenuron did not control kochia in wheat (> 600 kochia plants/m2 at harvest) and wheat yield was similar to yield of the untreated control. Dicamba plus 2,4-D (in 1996) and bromoxynil plus MCPA (in 1996 and 1997) controlled kochia and increased yields by 15% or more. Kochia was sparse (less than 1 plant/m2) in soybean plots, but grass weeds were prevalent. PRE plus POST or POST herbicide combinations that included ALS-inhibiting herbicides controlled grasses, and soybean yields were as much as 20% greater than yields with combinations that did not contain ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Adding ALS-inhibiting herbicides to wheat herbicide combinations decreased profitability because treatment costs increased while yields did not. In contrast, adding ALS-inhibiting herbicides to soybean treatments increased profitability due to better grass control, resulting in increased yield and better return.

Keywords

Bromoxynil, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic aciddicamba, 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acidMCPA, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acidthifensulfuron, methyl 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5,-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acidtribenuron, 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)methylamino]bonyl] amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acidkochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. # KCHSCsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrwheat, Triticum aestivum L.AcifluorfenALS inhibitor resistanceammonium sulfatebentazonbromoxynilsulfonylurea herbicides2,4-DdicambaimazethapyrlactofenMCPAmetribuzinpendimethalinthifensulfurontribenuronKCHSCALS, acetolactate synthase (EC4.1.3.18)COC, crop oil concentrateDAT, days after treatmentNIS, nonionic surfactantOM, organic matterPOST, postemergencePRE preemergence
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , June 2000 , pp. 268 - 273
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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