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Glyphosate-Resistant Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) Control with Fall-Applied Residual Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jason A. Bond ,
Thomas W. Eubank ,
Robin C. Bond ,
Bobby R. Golden  and
H. Matthew Edwards
Jason A. Bond*
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
Thomas W. Eubank
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
Robin C. Bond
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
Bobby R. Golden
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
H. Matthew Edwards
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Dense populations of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Italian ryegrass are problematic for spring burndown herbicide programs and crop establishment in the midsouthern United States. Two field studies were conducted to evaluate fall-applied residual herbicides for control of GR Italian ryegrass and to identify the most effective application timing for these herbicides. Fall applications of clomazone at 0.84 and 1.12 kg ai ha−1, pyroxasulfone at 0.16 kg ai ha−1, and S-metolachlor at 1.79 kg ai ha−1 controlled GR Italian ryegrass ≥ 93% 180 d after application. Control from incorporated applications of pendimethalin at 1.59 kg ai ha−1 and trifluralin at 1.68 kg ai ha−1 and surface applications of S-metolachlor at 1.42 kg ha−1 provided control similar to the best treatments. Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass control following clomazone, pyroxasulfone, S-metolachlor, or trifluralin applied in mid September, October, or November exceeded that from fall tillage by 19 to 56% at 90 and 140 d after the last treatment. Pyroxasulfone and S-metolachlor controlled more GR Italian ryegrass following October or November applications compared with those in September at both 90 and 140 d after the last application timing. However, the benefit of delaying clomazone application from October to November was not realized until the last evaluation (140 d after the last treatment). Clomazone, pyroxasulfone, and S-metolachlor offer growers the best opportunity for residual control of GR Italian ryegrass, and control is optimized when these herbicides are applied in November.

Poblaciones densas de Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum resistente a glyphosate (GR) son problemáticas para los programas de eliminación de vegetación en la primavera y para el establecimiento de cultivos en el centro-sur de los Estados Unidos. Se realizaron dos estudios de campo para evaluar aplicaciones de herbicidas residuales en el otoño para el control de L. perenne GR y para identificar el momento de aplicación más efectivo para estos herbicidas. Aplicaciones en el otoño de clomazone a 0.84 y 1.12 kg ai ha−1, pyroxasulfone a 0.16 kg ai ha−1, y S-metolachlor a 1.79 kg ai ha−1 controlaron L. perenne GR ≥93%, 180 d después de la aplicación. El control a partir de aplicaciones incorporadas de pendimethalin a 1.59 kg ai ha−1 y trifluralin a 1.68 kg ai ha−1 y aplicaciones superficiales de S-metolachlor a 1.42 kg ha−1 brindaron un control similar a los mejores tratamientos. El control de L. perenne GR después de aplicaciones de clomazone, pyroxasulfone, S-metolachlor, o trifluralin, en la mitad de Septiembre, Octubre, o Noviembre, excedieron el control obtenido con labranza en el otoño en 19 a 56%, a 90 a 140 d después del tratamiento. Pyroxasulfone y S- metolachlor aplicados en Octubre o Noviembre controlaron L. perenne GR más que las aplicaciones en Septiembre a 90 y 140 d después del último momento de aplicación. Sin embargo, el beneficio de retrasar la aplicación de clomazone de Octubre a Noviembre no se vio sino hasta la última evaluación (140 d después del tratamiento). Clomazone, pyroxasulfone, y S-metolachlor ofrecen a los productores la mejor oportunidad de control residual de L. perenne GR, y el control se optimiza cuando estos herbicidas se aplican en Noviembre.

Keywords

ClomazoneglyphosatependimethalinpyroxasulfoneS-metolachlortrifluralinItalian ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot. LOLMUApplication timingherbicide resistanceincorporated applicationssurface applicationstillageweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , June 2014 , pp. 361 - 370
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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