Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T08:12:34.075Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors Affecting Toxicity, Absorption, and Translocation of Glyphosate in Redvine (Brunnichia ovata)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Krishna N. Reddy
Krishna N. Reddy*
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Greenhouse and growth chamber experiments were conducted to study glyphosate efficacy, rainfastness, absorption, and translocation in redvine. Glyphosate at 0, 0.56, 1.12, 2.24, and 4.48 kg ai/ha was applied to redvine plants raised from rootstocks at the five- to seven-leaf stage (about 25 cm tall). Redvine control ranged from 55% at 0.56 kg/ha glyphosate to 98% at 4.48 kg/ha. Glyphosate at rates above 1.12 kg/ha, greatly reduced regrowth from rootstocks of treated plants. A simulated rainfall of 2.5 cm (7.5 cm/h intensity) within 24 h of glyphosate application reduced efficacy by 23% compared with no simulated rainfall. Absorption of 14C-glyphosate in redvine increased from 1.8 to 21.9%, and translocation increased from 0.1 to 8.1% from 6 to 192 h after application, respectively. Translocation was both acropetal and basipetal, and by 96 h of exposure, the 14C radioactivity was widely distributed throughout the plant. Absorption and translocation was greatly affected by posttreatment temperature. Absorption and translocation were highest (34.9 and 10.6%, respectively) in plants maintained at 35/30 C (14/10 h, day/night), followed by 15/10 C (21.2 and 4.9%, respectively), and was lowest (7.8 and 1.6%, respectively) in plants maintained at 25/20 C. Results suggest that longer periods of leaf exposure to the herbicide and high temperatures could increase glyphosate absorption, translocation to redvine rootstocks, and subsequent control. These data also suggest that effective control of redvine in the field will require glyphosate rates higher than those recommended for use in glyphosate-resistant crops.

Keywords

Glyphosateisopropylamine saltredvine, Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners #3 BRVCIRainfastnessregrowthtemperatureuptakeBRVCIHAA, hours after applicationWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , September 2000 , pp. 457 - 462
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous. 2000. Crop Protection Reference. 16th ed. New York: C and P Press. 2,395 p.Google Scholar
Bariuan, J. V., Reddy, K. N., and Wills, G. D. 1999. Glyphosate injury, rainfastness, absorption, and translocation in purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus). Weed Technol. 13: 112–119.Google Scholar
Brommer, C. L., Reddy, K. N., and Shaw, D. R. 1998. Interaction of glyphosate with selected herbicides for control of redvine. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 38:83.Google Scholar
Castillo, T. A., Keisling, T. K., and Oliver, L. R. 1998. Cultural and chemical redvine (Brunnichia ovata) control in soybeans. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 51:275.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. D. 1984. Perennial Vines in the Delta of Mississippi. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Station Bull. 927. 9 p.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. D., Heatherly, L. G., and Wesley, R. A. 1989. Perennial vine control in multiple cropping systems on a clay soil. Weed Technol. 3: 282–287.Google Scholar
Franz, J. E., Mao, M. K., and Sikorski, J. A. 1997. Glyphosate: A Unique Global Herbicide. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society Monograph 189. 653 p.Google Scholar
Hurst, H. R. 1995. Redvine Control in No-Till Soybeans with and without Irrigation. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Station Bull. 1021. 7 p.Google Scholar
McWhorter, C. G., Jordan, T. N., and Wills, G. D. 1980. Translocation of 14C-glyphosate in soybeans (Glycine max) and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). Weed Sci. 28: 113–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, L. D. and Harmon, W. C. 1979. Multiple-intensity rainfall simulator for erosion research on row sideslopes. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 22: 100–103.Google Scholar
Miller, D. K., Griffin, J. L., and Richard, E. P. Jr. 1998. Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) control and rainfastness with glyphosate and adjuvants. Weed Technol. 12: 617–622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reddy, K. N., Locke, M. A., and Howard, K. D. 1995. Bentazon spray retention, activity, and foliar washoff in weed species. Weed Technol. 9: 773–778.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N. and Whiting, K. 2000. Weed control and economic comparisons of glyphosate-resistant, sulfonylurea-tolerant, and conventional soybean (Glycine max) systems. Weed Technol. 14: 204–211.Google Scholar
Sandberg, C. L., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1980. Absorption, translocation and metabolism of 14C-glyphosate in several weed species. Weed Res. 20: 195–200.Google Scholar
Shaw, D. R. and Mack, R. E. 1991. Application timing of herbicides for the control of redvine (Brunnichia ovata). Weed Technol. 5: 125–129.Google Scholar
Shaw, D. R., Mack, R. E., and Smith, C. A. 1991. Redvine (Brunnichia ovata) germination and emergence. Weed Sci. 39: 33–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[WSSA] Weed Science Society of America. 1998. Herbicide Handbook Supplement. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America. 104 p.Google Scholar
Wills, G. D. 1978. Factors affecting toxicity and translocation of glyphosate in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 26: 509–513.Google Scholar