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Evaluation of optimal droplet size for control of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) with acifluorfen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2020

Lucas X. Franca Open the ORCID record for Lucas X. Franca [Opens in a new window] ,
Darrin M. Dodds Open the ORCID record for Darrin M. Dodds [Opens in a new window] ,
Thomas R. Butts ,
Greg R. Kruger ,
Daniel B. Reynolds ,
J. Anthony Mills ,
Jason A. Bond ,
Angus L. Catchot  and
Daniel G. Peterson
Lucas X. Franca
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Darrin M. Dodds*
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Thomas R. Butts
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, North Platte, NE, USA
Greg R. Kruger
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, North Platte, NE, USA
Daniel B. Reynolds
Affiliation:
Professor and Endowed Chair, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
J. Anthony Mills
Affiliation:
Weed Management Technology Development Representative, Bayer CropScience, Collierville, TN, USA
Jason A. Bond
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, USA
Angus L. Catchot
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Mississippi State University, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Daniel G. Peterson
Affiliation:
Director and Professor, Mississippi State University, Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology and Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Darrin M. Dodds, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, 32 Creelman Street, Office 114, Dorman Hall, Mississippi State, MS39762. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Acifluorfen is a nonsystemic PPO-inhibiting herbicide commonly used for POST Palmer amaranth control in soybean, peanut, and rice across the southern United States. Concerns have been raised regarding herbicide selection pressure and particle drift, increasing the need for application practices that optimize herbicide efficacy while mitigating spray drift. Field research was conducted in 2016, 2017, and 2018 in Mississippi and Nebraska to evaluate the influence of a range of spray droplet sizes [150 μm (Fine) to 900 μm (Ultra Coarse)], using acifluorfen to create a novel Palmer amaranth management recommendation using pulse width modulation (PWM) technology. A pooled site-year generalized additive model (GAM) analysis suggested that 150-μm (Fine) droplets should be used to obtain the greatest Palmer amaranth control and dry biomass reduction. Nevertheless, GAM models indicated that only 7.2% of the variability observed in Palmer amaranth control was due to differences in spray droplet size. Therefore, location-specific GAM analyses were performed to account for geographical differences to increase the accuracy of prediction models. GAM models suggested that 250-μm (Medium) droplets optimize acifluorfen efficacy on Palmer amaranth in Dundee, MS, and 310-μm (Medium) droplets could sustain 90% of maximum weed control. Specific models for Beaver City, NE, indicated that 150-μm (Fine) droplets provide maximum Palmer amaranth control, and 340-μm (Medium) droplets could maintain 90% of greatest weed control. For Robinsonville, MS, optimal Palmer amaranth control could be obtained with 370-μm (Coarse) droplets, and 90% maximum control could be sustained with 680 μm (Ultra Coarse) droplets. Differences in optimal droplet size across location could be a result of convoluted interactions between droplet size, weather conditions, population density, plant morphology, and soil fertility levels. Future research should adopt a holistic approach to identify and investigate the influence of environmental and application parameters to optimize droplet size recommendations.

Keywords

AcifluorfenPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats., AMAPApeanut, Arachis hypogaea L.rice, Oryza sativa L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrProtoporphyrinogen (PPO)–inhibiting herbicidepulse width modulation (PWM)prediction modelingweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 4 , August 2020 , pp. 511 - 519
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: David Johnson, Corteva Agriscience

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