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Efficacy of Five Herbicides for Weed Control in Rain-Fed Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Abdol Reza Ahmadi ,
Saeed Shahbazi  and
Marjan Diyanat
Abdol Reza Ahmadi*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran
Saeed Shahbazi
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran
Marjan Diyanat
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Lentil is vulnerable to weed competition because of its short stature, slow establishment, and limited vegetative growth. Although the vast majority of lentil production is under rain-fed conditions, there is a little published information on weed control with herbicides in rain-fed lentils. Field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of nine herbicide treatments including fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, and pyridate alone or in combination compared with one or two hand weeding(s) on weed control and yield response in rain-fed lentil in Khorramabad, Iran in 2012 and 2013. Weed species included catchweed bedstraw, cowcockle, haresear mustard, hoary cress, wild mustard, and wild safflower. Total weed dry biomass in weedy check plots averaged 156 and 170 g m−2 in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and weed density and biomass were reduced in all treatments compared to the weedy check in both years. Plots that were hand weeded twice reduced weed biomass the greatest, whereas fomesafen, linuron, or one hand weeding did not control weeds satisfactorily. Noncontrolled weeds reduced lentil yield by 67% both years compared to the weed-free control. Lentil yield in 2013 (1,370 kg ha−1) was higher than in 2012 (1,150 kg ha−1). All herbicides tested injured lentil slightly, with pyridate (1,200 g ai ha−1) and pendimethalin (660 g ai ha−1 plus imazethapyr at 250 to 500 g ai ha−1) causing the least injury. Across all treatments, imazethapyr plus pendimethalin PRE, pyridate POST, and two hand-weeding treatments had the best performance for weed control and lentil yield.

La lenteja es vulnerable a la competencia con las malezas debido a su corta altura, lento establecimiento, y crecimiento vegetativo limitado. Aunque la vasta mayoría de producción de lenteja se encuentra bajo condiciones de secano, existe poca información publicada acerca del control de malezas con herbicidas en lenteja de secano. Se realizaron experimentos de campo para determinar la eficacia de nueve tratamientos con herbicidas incluyendo fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, y pyridate solos o en combinación, y una o dos deshierbas manuales, para el control de malezas y la respuesta en rendimiento en lenteja de secano en Khorramabad, Iran, en 2012 y 2013. Las especies de malezas incluyeron Galium aparine, Vaccaria hispanica, Conringia orientalis, Cardaria draba, Sinapis arvensis, y Carthamus oxyacantha. El total de la biomasa de malezas en las parcelas testigo enmalezadas promedió 156 y 170 g m−2 in 2012 y 2013, respectivamente, y la densidad y biomasa de malezas fue reducida en todos los tratamientos al compararse con el testigo enmalezado, en ambos años. Las parcelas que fueron deshierbadas manualmente dos veces presentaron la mayor reducción de biomasa de las malezas, mientras que fomesafen, linuron, o una deshierba manual no controlaron las malezas satisfactoriamente. Las malezas no controladas redujeron el rendimiento de la lenteja en 67% en ambos años al compararse con el testigo libre de malezas. El rendimiento de la lenteja en 2013 (1,370 kg ha−1) fue superior al de 2012 (1,150 kg ha−1). Todos los herbicidas evaluados dañaron la lenteja ligeramente, siendo pyridate (1,200 g ai ha−2) y pendimethalin (660 g ai ha−1) más imazethapyr (250 a 500 g ai ha−1) los que causaron el menor daño. Entre todos los tratamientos, imazethapyr más pendimethalin PRE, pyridate POST, y dos deshierbas manuales fueron los tratamientos que tuvieron el mejor desempeño para el control de malas hierbas y el rendimiento de la lenteja.

Keywords

Fomesafenimazethapyrlinuronpendimethalinpyridatecatchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine L.cowcockle, Vaccaria hispanica (P. Mill.) Rauschertharesear mustard, Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumorthoary cress, Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis L.wild safflower, Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieb.lentil, Lens culinaris Medic. ‘Mardom’Hand weedingherbicidephytotoxicityweed biomassweed density
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 448 - 455
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Prashant Jha, Montana State University.

References

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