Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-30T20:31:33.488Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Efficacy of dicamba and glyphosate as influenced by carrier water pH and hardness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2019

Pratap Devkota Open the ORCID record for Pratap Devkota [Opens in a new window]  and
William G. Johnson
Pratap Devkota*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, West Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Jay, FL USA
William G. Johnson
Affiliation:
Professor of Weed Science, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Pratap Devkota, West Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 4253 Experiment Drive, Jay, FL. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Herbicide carrier water hardness and pH can be variable depending on the source and geographic location. Herbicide efficacy can be affected by the pH and hardness of water used for spray solution. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of carrier water pH and hardness on premixed dicamba and glyphosate efficacy. Treatments were combinations of water pH at 4, 6.5, or 9; and water hardness at 0 (deionized water), 400, or 800 mg L−1 of CaCO3 equivalent. In the field study, dicamba and glyphosate were applied at 0.55 and 1.11 kg ae ha−1, respectively, and half of these rates were applied in the greenhouse study. There was no interaction between carrier water pH and hardness on dicamba and glyphosate efficacy; however, the main effects of carrier water pH and hardness were significant. Herbicide efficacy was reduced with carrier water at pH 9 compared with pH 4. In the field study, common lambsquarters, common ragweed, horseweed, or Palmer amaranth control was improved 6% or more at carrier water at pH 4 compared with pH 9. Similar results were observed with water pH for giant ragweed, Palmer amaranth, or pitted morningglory control in the greenhouse study. Carrier water hardness at 400 or 800 mg L−1 reduced common ragweed, giant ragweed, or horseweed control compared with 0 mg L−1. Similarly, common lambsquarters, Palmer amaranth, or pitted morningglory control was reduced at least 10% with carrier water hardness at 800 mg L−1 compared with 0 mg L−1. These results indicate carrier water at acidic pH and of no hardness is critical for dicamba and glyphosate application, and spray solution needs to be amended appropriately for an optimum efficacy.

Keywords

Spray water pHspray-water hardnesswater hardness mineralsDicambaglyphosatecommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEALcommon ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. AMBELgiant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida L. AMBTRhorseweed, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. ERICAPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Watson AMAPApitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. IPOLA
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , February 2020 , pp. 101 - 106
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Amit Jhala, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

References

Abouziena, HF, Elmergawi, RA, Sharma, S, Omar, AA, Singh, M (2009) Zinc antagonizes glyphosate efficacy on yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). Weed Sci 57:16–20 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Altland, J (2010) Water quality affects herbicide efficacy. Available at http://oregonstate.edu/dept/nursery-weeds/feature_articles/spray_tank/spray_tank.htm. Accessed: July 10, 2019Google Scholar
Buhler, DD, Burnside, OC (1983) Effect of water quality, carrier volume, and acid on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Sci 31:163–169 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deer, HM, Beard, R (2001) Effect of water pH on the chemical stability of pesticides. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1074&context=extension_histall. Accessed: November 14, 2019Google Scholar
Devkota, P, Johnson, WG (2016a) Glufosinate efficacy as influenced by carrier water pH, hardness, foliar fertilizer, and ammonium sulfate. Weed Technol 30:848–859 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devkota, P, Johnson, WG (2016b) Effect of carrier water hardness and ammonium sulfate on efficacy of 2,4-D choline and premixed 2,4-D choline plus glyphosate. Weed Technol 30:878–887 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devkota, P, Johnson, WG (2019) Influence of carrier water pH, foliar fertilizer, and ammonium sulfate on 2,4-D and 2,4-D plus glyphosate efficacy. Weed Technol 33:562–568 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devkota, P, Spaunhorst, DJ, Johnson, WG (2016a) Influence of carrier water pH, hardness, foliar fertilizer, and ammonium sulfate on mesotrione efficacy. Weed Technol 30:617–628 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devkota, P, Whitford, F, Johnson, WG (2016b) Influence of spray-solution temperature and holding duration on weed control with premixed glyphosate and dicamba formulation. Weed Technol 30:116–122 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dowler, CC (1969) A cucumber bioassay test for the soil residues of certain herbicides. Weed Sci 17:309–310 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durfor, CN, Becker, E (1964) Public water supplies of the 100 largest cities in the United States; 1962. U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1812. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. 364 p Google Scholar
Enloe, SF, Westra, P, Nissen, SJ, Miller, SD, Stahlman, PW (1999) Use of quinclorac plus 2,4-D for controlling field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) in fallow. Weed Technol 13:731–736 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeze, RA, Cherry, JA (1979) Groundwater. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 604 p Google Scholar
Green, JM, Cahill, WR (2003) Enhancing the biological activity of nicosulfuron with pH adjusters. Weed Technol 17:338–345 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, JM, Hale, T (2005) Increasing the biological activity of weak acid herbicides by increasing and decreasing the pH of the spray mixture. Journal of ASTM International 2:62–71 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[IDNR] Indiana Department of Natural Resources (1980) Water quality. http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/files/804_Water_Quality.pdf. Accessed: July 15, 2019Google Scholar
[IDNR] Indiana Department of Natural Resources (1999) Ambient ground water chemistry. https://www.in.gov/dnr/water/5246.htm. Accessed: July 10, 2019Google Scholar
Mueller, TC, Main, CL, Thompson, MA, Steckel, LE (2006) Comparison of glyphosate salts (isopropylamine, diammonium, and potassium) and calcium and magnesium concentrations on the control of various weeds. Weed Technol 20:164–171 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nalewaja, JD, Matysiak, R (1991) Salt antagonism of glyphosate. Weed Sci 39:622–628 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nalewaja, JD, Matysiak, R (1993) Spray carrier salts affect herbicide toxicity to kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Technol. 7:154–158 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nalewaja, JD, Matysiak, R, Szeleniak, E (1994) Sethoxydim response to spray carrier chemical properties and environment. Weed Technol 8:591–597 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nalewaja, JD, Woznica, Z, Matysiak, R (1991) 2,4-D amine antagonism by salts. Weed Technol 5:873–880 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patton, AJ, Weisenberger, DV, Johnson, WG (2016) Divalent cations in spray water influence 2,4-D efficacy on dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and broadleaf plantain (Plantago major). Weed Technol 30:431–440 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roskamp, JM, Chahal, GS, Johnson, WG (2013a) The effect of cations and ammonium sulfate on the efficacy of dicamba and 2,4-D. Weed Technol 27:72–77 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roskamp, J, Turco, R, Bischoff, M, Johnson, WG (2013b) The influence of carrier water pH and hardness on saflufenacil efficacy and solubility. Weed Technol 27:527–533 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarmah, AK, Sabadie, J (2002) Hydrolysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in soils and aqueous solutions: a review. J Agric Food Chem 50:6253–6265 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shea, PJ, Tupy, DR (1984) Reversal of cation-induced reduction in glyphosate activity with EDTA. Weed Sci 32:802–806 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stahlman, PW, Phillips, WM (1979) Effects of water quality and spray volume on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Sci 27:38–41 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
US EPA (2018) [Letter to Thomas Marvin, Bayer CropScience re: Notification per PRN 98-10 – Minor revisions and correction of typos]. https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000524-00617-20181105.pdf. Accessed: July 26, 2019Google Scholar
Woznica, Z, Nalewaja, JD, Messersmith, CG, Milkowski, P (2003) Quinclorac efficacy as affected by adjuvants and spray carrier water. Weed Technol 17:582–588 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zollinger, RK, Nalewaja, JD, Peterson, DE, Young, BG (2010) Effect of hard water and ammonium sulfate on weak acid herbicide activity. ASTM Journal 7(6):1–10 CrossRefGoogle Scholar