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Effects of Paraquat and Alachlor on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Growth, Maturity, and Yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

W. Carroll Johnson III ,
Joseph R. Chamberlin ,
Timothy B. Brenneman ,
James W. Todd ,
Benjamin G. Mullinix Jr.  and
John Cardina
W. Carroll Johnson III
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Joseph R. Chamberlin
Affiliation:
Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Timothy B. Brenneman
Affiliation:
Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748
James W. Todd
Affiliation:
Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Benjamin G. Mullinix Jr.
Affiliation:
Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748
John Cardina
Affiliation:
Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748
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Abstract

Studies were conducted in 1988, 1989, and 1992 in Plains, GA to measure effects of paraquat and alachlor on ‘Florunner’ peanut. Peanut treated with paraquat (0.14 kg ai/ha) plus alachlor (3.4 kg ai/ha) applied at vegetative emergence (VE), or paraquat plus alachlor VE followed by paraquat 28 days after emergence (DAE) were compared with a nontreated control. Both herbicide treatments reduced peanut foliage biomass at 65 DAE in 1989 and 1992. Herbicide treatments did not affect foliage biomass 90 DAE in 1988 and 122 DAE in 1989, but paraquat plus alachlor followed by paraquat reduced foliage biomass at 122 DAE in 1992. Pod biomass, measured at 90 and 65 DAE in 1988 and 1992, respectively, was reduced by herbicides. However, pod biomass did not differ among treatments 122 DAE in 1989 and 1992. Percent reflectance from the peanut canopy measured no effects from herbicides in 1988. However, in 1989 and 1992 herbicides applied sequentially reduced peanut canopy development. Peanut treated with a single herbicide and sequentially took longer to mature. Once optimum maturity was reached, peanut yields were not reduced.

Keywords

Alachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N(methoxymethyl)acetamideparaquat, 1,1″-dimethyl-4 4′-bipyridinium ionpeanut, Arachis hypogaea L. ‘Florunner’Hull Scrape Methodlight reflectancemultispectral radiometerphytotoxicity
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 7 , Issue 4 , December 1993 , pp. 855 - 859
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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