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Effects of fall-planted cereal cover-crop termination time on glyphosate-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis) suppression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 September 2020

John A. Schramski Open the ORCID record for John A. Schramski [Opens in a new window] ,
Christy L. Sprague Open the ORCID record for Christy L. Sprague [Opens in a new window]  and
Karen A. Renner Open the ORCID record for Karen A. Renner [Opens in a new window]
John A. Schramski*
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, East Lansing, MI, USA
Christy L. Sprague
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, East Lansing, MI, USA
Karen A. Renner
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, East Lansing, MI, USA
*
Author for correspondence: John A. Schramski, Technology Development Representative, Bayer CropScience, 6242 Angling Rd., Portage, MI, 49024 (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Integrated strategies for management of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed are needed to reduce reliance on herbicides. Planting a cover crop after corn or soybean harvest in the Upper Midwest may reduce horseweed establishment and growth. Experiments were conducted in Michigan to determine if cereal rye and winter wheat, seeded at 67 or 135 kg ha−1, and terminated with glyphosate at 1.27 kg ae ha−1 1 wk before planting (early termination) or 1 wk after soybean planting (planting green) would suppress establishment and growth of GR horseweed. Cover-crop biomass was 212% to 272% higher when termination was delayed by planting green compared with early termination. At the time of termination, cover crops reduced GR horseweed biomass 41% to 89% compared with no cover. Planting green increased the C:N ratio of cover-crop residue, which improved residue persistence and GR horseweed suppression at the time of POST herbicide application, approximately 5 wk after planting. Planting green reduced GR horseweed biomass 46% to 93% compared with no cover at the time of POST herbicide application; early termination provided less consistent suppression. Cover crops alone did not suppress GR horseweed through soybean harvest. Soybean yield was 30% to 108% greater when planting green compared with early termination at 2 site-years. Cereal rye and winter wheat, seeded at 67 or 135 kg ha−1, provided early-season GR horseweed suppression. Results from this research indicate that the practice of planting green may improve GR horseweed suppression through the time of POST herbicide application.

Keywords

Glyphosatehorseweed, Conyza canadensis L. Cronq.winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.cereal rye, Secale cereale L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrmarestailCanada fleabaneplanting green
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 223 - 233
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Kevin Bradley, University of Missouri

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