Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T18:17:41.308Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of cereal rye and canola on winter and summer annual weed emergence in corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 May 2020

Stephanie A. DeSimini ,
Kevin D. Gibson ,
Shalamar D. Armstrong ,
Marcelo Zimmer Open the ORCID record for Marcelo Zimmer [Opens in a new window] ,
Lucas O.R. Maia  and
William G. Johnson
Stephanie A. DeSimini
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Kevin D. Gibson
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Shalamar D. Armstrong
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Marcelo Zimmer
Affiliation:
Weed Science Program Specialist, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Lucas O.R. Maia
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
William G. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: William G. Johnson, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN47907. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 at two locations in Indiana to evaluate the influence of cover crop species, termination timing, and herbicide treatment on winter and summer annual weed suppression and corn yield. Cereal rye and canola cover crops were terminated early or late (2 wk before or after corn planting) with a glyphosate- or glufosinate-based herbicide program. Canola and cereal rye reduced total weed biomass collected at termination by up to 74% and 91%, in comparison to fallow, respectively. Canola reduced horseweed density by up to 56% at termination and 57% at POST application compared to fallow. Cereal rye reduced horseweed density by up to 59% at termination and 87% at POST application compared to fallow. Canola did not reduce giant ragweed density at termination in comparison to fallow. Cereal rye reduced giant ragweed density by up to 66% at termination and 62% at POST application. Termination timing had little to no effect on weed biomass and density reduction in comparison to the effect of cover crop species. Cereal rye reduced corn grain yield at both locations in comparison to fallow, especially for the late-termination timing. Corn grain yield reduction up to 49% (4,770 kg ha–1) was recorded for cereal rye terminated late in comparison to fallow terminated late. Canola did not reduce corn grain yield in comparison to fallow within termination timing; however, late-terminated canola reduced corn grain yield by up to 21% (2,980 kg ha–1) in comparison to early-terminated fallow. Cereal rye can suppress giant ragweed emergence, whereas canola is not as effective at suppressing large-seeded broadleaves such as giant ragweed. These results also indicate that early-terminated cover crops can often result in higher corn grain yields than late-terminated cover crops in an integrated weed management program.

Keywords

Cover crop terminationburndown programspring preplant applicationweed suppressionGlufosinateglyphosategiant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida LhorseweedConyza canadensis L. Cronq.canola, Brassica napus Lcereal rye, Secale cereale Lcorn, Zea mays L
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 787 - 793
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Kevin Bradley, University of Missouri

References

Acharya, J, Bakker, MG, Moorman, TB, Kaspar, TC, Lenssen, AW, Robertson, AE (2017) Time interval between cover crop termination and planting influences corn seedling disease, plant growth, and yield. Plant Dis 101(4):591–600 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bakker, MG, Acharya, J, Moorman, TB, Robertson, AE, Kaspar, TC (2016) The potential for cereal rye cover crops to host corn seedling pathogens. Phytopathology 106(6):591–601 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barnes, JP, Putnam, AR (1986) Evidence for allelopathy by residues and aqueous extracts of rye (Secale cereale). Weed Sci 34:384–390 Google Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Séguin-Swartz, G, Nair, H, Warwick, SI, Johnson, E (2004) Multiple herbicide–resistant canola can be controlled by alternative herbicides. Weed Sci 52:152–157 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowman, G, Shirley, C, Cramer, C (1998) Managing Cover Crops Profitably. 2nd edn. Beltsville, MD: Sustainable Agriculture Network, National Agricultural Library. 120 pGoogle Scholar
Chase, WR, Nair, MG, Putnam, AR (1991) 2,2′-OXO-1,1′-azobenzene: selective toxicity of rye (Secale cereale L.) allelochemicals to weed and crop species: II. J Chem Ecol 17:9–19 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cholette, TB, Soltani, N, Hooker, DC, Robinson, DE, Sikkema, PH (2018) Suppression of glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis) in corn with cover crops seeded after wheat harvest the previous year. Weed Technol 32:244–250 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Creech, JE, Westphal, A, Ferris, V, Faghihi, J, Vyn, T, Santini, J, Johnson, WG (2008) Influence of winter annual weed management and crop rotation on soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) and winter annual weeds. Weed Sci 56:103–111 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[CTIC] Conservation Technology Information Center (2004) National crop residue management survey conservation tillage data. https://www.ctic.org/optis. Accessed: February 27, 2019Google Scholar
Davis, VM, Johnson, WG (2008) Glyphosate-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis) emergence, survival, and fecundity in no-till soybean. Weed Sci 56:231–236 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, VM, Gibson, KD, Johnson, WG (2008) A field survey to determine distribution and frequency of glyphosate-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis) in Indiana. Weed Technol 22:331–338 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duiker, SW, Curran, WS (2005) Rye cover crop management for corn production in the northern mid-Atlantic region. Agron J 97:1413–1418 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberlein, CV, Morra, MJ, Guttieri, MJ, Brown, PD, Brown, J (1998) Glucosinolate production by five field-grown Brassica napus cultivars used as green manures. Weed Technol 12:712–718 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckert, DJ (1988) Rye cover crops for no-tillage corn and soybean production. J Prod Agric 1:207–210 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Great Lakes Canola Association (2016) Seeding and soil preparation. https://www.agry.purdue.edu/ext/canola/seeding.htm. Accessed: April 4, 2020Google Scholar
Harrison, SK, Regnier, EE, Schmoll, JT, Webb, JE (2001) Competition and fecundity of giant ragweed in corn. Weed Sci 49:224–229 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayden, Z, Brainard, D, Henshaw, B, Ngouajio, M (2012) Winter annual weed suppression in rye–vetch cover crop mixtures. Weed Technol 26:818–825 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, I (2019) International herbicide resistant weed database. http://weedscience.org/Home.aspx. Accessed: May 11, 2020Google Scholar
[ISDA] Indiana State Department of Agriculture (2020) Indiana cover crops: 2011–2018. https://www.in.gov/isda/files/Cover%20Crop%20Trends%202011-2018%20Statewide.pdf. Accessed: January 7, 2020Google Scholar
Johnson, WG, Loux, M, Nordby, D, Sprague, C, Nice, G, Westhoven, A, Stachler, J (2007) Biology and management of giant ragweed. Publ. GWC-12. The Glyphosate, Weeds, and Crops Series. weedscience.missouri.edu/publications/gwc-12.pdf. Accessed: January 07, 2020Google Scholar
Kaspar, TC, Singer, JW (2015) The use of cover crops to manage soil. Pages 321–337 in Soil Management: Building a Stable Base for Agriculture. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaspar, TC, Radke, JK, Laflen, JM (2001) Small grain cover crops and wheel traffic effects on infiltration, runoff, and erosion. J Soil Water Conserv 56(2):160–164 Google Scholar
Kruger, GR, Johnson, WG, Weller, SC, Owen, MDK, Shaw, DR, Wilcut, JW, Jordan, DL, Wilson, RG, Young, BG (2009) U.S. views on problematic weeds and changes in weed pressure in glyphosate-resistant corn, cotton, and soybean cropping systems. Weed Technol 22:162–166 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lacey, C, Armstrong, S (2015) The efficacy of winter cover crops to stabilize soil inorganic nitrogen after fall-applied anhydrous ammonia. J Environ Qual 44(2):442–448 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Légère, A, Simard, MJ, Johnson, E, Stevenson, FC, Beckie, H, Blackshaw, RE (2006) Control of volunteer canola with herbicides: effects of plant growth stage and cold acclimation. Weed Technol 20:485–493 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liebl, R, Simmons, FW, Wax, LM, Stoller, EW (1992) Effect of rye (Secale cereale) mulch on weed control and soil moisture in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol 6:838–846 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[MCCC] Midwest Cover Crop Council (2020) Species. http://mccc.msu.edu/species. Accessed: January 15, 2020Google Scholar
Moechnig, MJ (2003) A Mechanistic Approach to Predict Weed–Corn Growth Interactions. PhD dissertation. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin. 189 pGoogle Scholar
Munawar, A, Blevins, RL, Frye, WW, Saul, MR (1990) Tillage and cover crop management for soil water conservation. Agron J 82:773–777 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, McClelland, M, Griffith, G, Bangarwa, SK, Still, J (2011) Evaluation of cereal and brassicaceae cover crops in conservation-tillage, enhanced, glyphosate-resistant cotton. Weed Technol 25:6–13 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palhano, M, Norsworthy, J, Barber, T (2018) Cover crops suppression of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in cotton. Weed Technol 32:60–65 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patzoldt, WL, Tranel, PJ (2002) Molecular analysis of cloransulam resistance in a population of giant ragweed. Weed Sci 50:299–305 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pittman, KB, Barney, JN, Flessner, ML (2019) Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) suppression from cover crop mixtures and fall-applied residual herbicides. Weed Technol 33:303–311 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Price, AJ, Balkcom, KS, Duzy, LM, Kelton, JA (2012) Herbicide and cover crop residue integration for Amaranthus control in conservation agriculture cotton and implications for resistance management. Weed Technol 26:490–498 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raimbault, BA, Vyn, TJ, Tollenaar, M (1990) Corn response to rye cover crop management and spring tillage systems. Agron J 82:1088–1093 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regehr, DL, Bazzaz, FA (1979) The population dynamics of Erigeron canadensis, a successional winter annual. J Ecol 67:923–929 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regnier, EE, Harrison, SK, Loux, MM, Holloman, C, Venkatesh, R, Diekmann, F, Taylor, R, Ford, RA, Stoltenberg, DE, Hartzler, RG, Davis, AS, Schutte, BJ, Cardina, J, Mahoney, KJ, Johnson, WG (2016) Certified crop advisors’ perceptions of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) distribution, herbicide resistance, and management in the Corn Belt. Weed Sci 64:361–377 Google Scholar
Schneider, EC, Gupta, SC (1985) Corn emergence as influenced by soil temperature, matric potential, and aggregate size distribution. Soil Sci Soc Am J 49:415–422 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schutte, BJ (2007) Biology and ecology of Ambrosia trifida L. Seedling emergence. PhD dissertation. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University. 164 pGoogle Scholar
Strock, JS, Porter, PM, Russelle, MP (2004) Cover cropping to reduce nitrate loss through subsurface drainage in the northern U.S. corn belt. J Environ Qual 33:1010–1016 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teasdale, JR (1996) Contribution of cover crops to weed management in sustainable agricultural systems. J Prod Agric 9:475–479 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, JR, Mohler, CL (1993) Light transmittance, soil temperature, and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron J 85:673–680 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, JR, Moehler, CL (2000) The quantitative relationship between weed emergence and the physical properties of mulch. Weed Sci 48:385–392 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, JR, Abdul-Baki, AA, Mill, DJ, Thorpe, KW (2004) Enhanced pest management with cover crop mulches. Acta Hortic 638:135–140 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, JR, Beste, CE, Potts, WE (1991) Response of weeds to tillage and cover crop residue. Weed Sci 39:195–199 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tollenaar, M, Mihajlovic, M, Vyn, TJ (1992) Annual phytomass production of a rye–corn double-cropping system in Ontario. Agron J 84:963–967 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tollenaar, M, Mihajlovic, M, Vyn, TJ (1993) Corn growth following cover crops: influence of cereal cultivar, cereal removal, and nitrogen rate. Agron J 85:251–255 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Unglesbee, E (2017) Spring burndown: control marestail and cover crops early in the spring. https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/news/article/2017/03/14/control-marestail-cover-crops-early. Accessed: January 20, 2020Google Scholar
[USDA-NASS] United States Department of Agriculture–National Agricultural Statistics Service (2019) 2017 Census of Agriculture: United States Summary and State Data. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Census_by_State/index.php. Accessed: April 4, 2020Google Scholar
[USDA-NASS] United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service (2020). https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/result.php?65968FBB-11C5-3C5F-B0C9-13C0106693EB&sector=CROPS&group=FIELD%20CROPS&comm=CANOLA. Accessed: April 4, 2020Google Scholar
Waddington, J (1978) Growth of barley, bromegrass and alfalfa in the greenhouse in soil containing rapeseed and wheat residues. Can J Plant Sci 58:241–248 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, J, Curran, W, Mortensen, D (2019) Cover crop effects on horseweed (Erigeron canadensis) density and size inequality at the time of herbicide exposure. Weed Sci 67:327–338 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, SE (2001) The biology of Canadian weeds. 115. Can J Plant Sci 81:867–875 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, TM, Scully, BT, Grey, TL, Culpepper, AS (2013) Winter cover crops influence Amaranthus palmeri establishment. Crop Prot 52:130–135 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Werle, R, Burr, C, Blanco-Canqui, H (2017) Cereal rye cover crop suppresses winter annual weeds. Can J Plant Sci 98:498–500 Google Scholar
Wiggins, M, McClure, M, Hayes, R, Steckel, L (2015) Integrating cover crops and POST herbicides for glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control in corn. Weed Technol 29:412–418 CrossRefGoogle Scholar