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Composted Swine Manure Effects on Germination and Early Growth of Crop and Weed Species Under Greenhouse Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Fabián D. Menalled ,
Douglas D. Buhler  and
Matt Liebman
Fabián D. Menalled*
Affiliation:
Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3120
Douglas D. Buhler
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Matt Liebman
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1010
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Composted manure produced in deep-bedded hoop structures constitutes a source of nutrients and organic materials that can influence crop and weed emergence, growth, competitive interactions, and soil physical properties. The impact of composted swine manure on corn, soybean, winter wheat, velvetleaf, giant foxtail, and common waterhemp emergence and early growth were compared at compost rates of 0, 8, 16, or 24 Mg C/ha. Compost amendment had no effect on crop emergence but did reduce weed emergence. Inhibition of seedling emergence ranged between 15 and 57% for giant foxtail, 0 and 23% for velvetleaf, and 16 and 76% for common waterhemp. Soil amendment enhanced weed growth but not crop growth. A response surface regression analysis indicated that, while large-seeded crops have constant relative growth rates, small-seeded weed species increase their relative growth rates with compost amendment (P < 0.0001, r2 = 0.5252).

Keywords

Common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer # AMATAcorn, Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3563’giant foxtail, Setaria faberi SETFA Hermsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Pioneer 92B84’velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti ABUTH Medicuswinter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Arapahoe’Compost amendmentrelative growth rategermination inhibitionorganic amendmentseedling emergencesoil qualityEI%, percentage emergence inhibitionMTE, mean time of emergenceRGR, relative growth rateVOA, volatile organic acids
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , December 2005 , pp. 784 - 789
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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