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Winter Wheat and Weed Response to Postemergence Saflufenacil Alone and in Mixtures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

John C. Frihauf ,
Phillip W. Stahlman  and
Patrick W. Geier
John C. Frihauf*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
Phillip W. Stahlman
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS 67601
Patrick W. Geier
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS 67601
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Growth chamber experiments were conducted in the fall of 2006 and spring of 2007 to determine winter wheat, flixweed, and henbit response to POST treatments of saflufenacil at 13, 25, and 50 g ai ha−1 applied alone and in combinations with bentazon at 560 g ai ha−1 or 2,4-D amine at 533 g ae ha−1 and nonionic surfactant (NIS) at 0.25% v/v. Mixtures of saflufenacil and 2,4-D amine were also applied without NIS. Necrosis was observed on wheat leaves within 1 d after treatment (DAT) and peaked at 5 to 7 DAT. Saflufenacil at 13, 25, or 50 g ai ha−1 applied alone or in combination with 533 g ae ha−1 of 2,4-D amine plus NIS caused 19 to 38% (alone) and 24 to 40% (in combination) wheat foliar necrosis, respectively. Foliar necrosis of wheat was 14% or less when saflufenacil, at any rate, was mixed with bentazon or 2,4-D amine without NIS. Combinations of saflufenacil at any of the rates tested plus bentazon and NIS did not reduce wheat dry weight. Saflufenacil plus 2,4-D amine without adjuvant resulted in similar wheat dry weights as 2,4-D amine. Saflufenacil plus 2,4-D amine without NIS provided 99% control of flixweed at 21 DAT, but henbit control ranged from 81 to 88%. In comparison, saflufenacil at 50 g ha−1 mixed with bentazon and NIS controlled flixweed at 92% and henbit at 63% at 21 DAT. This research indicates saflufenacil has potential for POST use in winter wheat to control winter annual broadleaf weeds when tank-mixed with 2,4-D amine without NIS, but additional research is needed to discover ways to improve crop safety without reducing weed control.

En el otoño de 2006 y la primavera de 2007, se realizaron experimentos en cámaras de crecimiento para determinar la respuesta de trigo de invierno (Triticum aestivum) y la maleza Descurainia sophia y Lamium amplexicaule a tratamientos postemergentes de saflufenacil a 13, 25 y 50 g ia ha−1 aplicado solo o en combinación con bentazon a 560 g ia ha−1 o 2,4-D amina a 533 g ea ha−1 y surfactante no iónico (NIS) a 0.25% v/v. Mezclas de saflufenacil y 2,4-D amina también se aplicaron sin NIS. A un día después del tratamiento (DAT), se observó necrosis en las hojas del trigo y ésta llegó a su mayor intensidad entre 5 y 7 DAT. El Saflufenacil a 13, 25 o 50 g ia ha−1 aplicado solo o en combinación con 533 g ea ha−1 de 2, 4-D amina más NIS, causó en el trigo necrosis foliar de 19 a 38% y de 24 a 40%, respectivamente. La necrosis foliar fue de 14% o menos cuando el saflufenacil a cualquier dosis se mezcló con bentazon ó 2,4-D amina sin NIS. Combinaciones de saflufenacil en cualquiera de las dosis probadas más bentazon y el NIS no redujeron el peso seco del trigo. El saflufenacil más el 2,4-D amina sin adyuvante y el 2,4-D amina solo, obtuvieron resultados similares en el peso seco del trigo. A 21 DAT, el saflufenacil más 2,4-D amina sin NIS logró un 99% de control en Descurainia sophia, mientras que en Lamium amplexicaule el control fluctuó entre 81 y 88%. En comparación, el tratamiento de saflufenacil en dosis de 50 g ia/ha mezclado con bentazon y NIS, resultó en Descurainia sophia y en Lamium amplexicaule con un control de 92 y 63%, respectivamente. Esta investigación indica que el saflufenacil tiene potencial para su uso en postemergencia en el cultivo de trigo de invierno para el control de maleza anual de hoja ancha de invierno, cuando se mezcla con 2,4-D amina sin NIS. Sin embargo, se requiere mayor investigación para encontrar métodos que mejoren la seguridad del cultivo sin reducir el control de la maleza.

Keywords

2,4-D aminebentazonsaflufenacilflixweed, Descurainia sophia L. Webb. ex Prantl DESSOhenbit, Lamium amplexicaule L. LAMAMwinter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘KS03HW6-1’BAS 800Hcrop responseherbicidesaflufenacilweed controlwinter annual broadleaf weeds
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 262 - 268
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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