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Rapid Determination of Glyphosate Injury to Plants and Identification of Glyphosate-Resistant Plants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Bijay K. Singh  and
Dale L. Shaner
Bijay K. Singh
Affiliation:
American Cyanamid Company, P.O. Box 400, Princeton, NJ 08543-0400
Dale L. Shaner
Affiliation:
American Cyanamid Company, P.O. Box 400, Princeton, NJ 08543-0400
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Abstract

Drift of glyphosate may cause injury to nontarget plant species. Herbicidal damage caused by glyphosate may be attributed to the herbicides that inhibit acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) or acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase), because the time taken to show herbicidal damage and the visual injury symptoms caused by these three types of herbicides are similar. Glyphosate inhibits the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis which causes accumulation of shikimate in plants. A modified, simpler method of extraction and assay for detection of shikimate in plants has been adapted from previously published procedures. With this assay, rapid accumulation of shikimate was observed in glyphosate-sensitive plants that have been treated with glyphosate. Furthermore, the accumulation of shikimate in herbicide-sensitive plants was only due to glyphosate and not due to an AHAS or an ACCase inhibitor. Therefore, high levels of shikimate in a damaged plant indicate glyphosate injury. With this assay, no accumulation of shikimate was seen in a glyphosate-resistant variety of soybean. Therefore, lack of accumulation of shikimate in a glyphosate-treated weed or crop species indicates that the plant is resistant to glyphosate.

Keywords

Glyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycineimazaquin, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acidsethoxydim, 2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-onesoybean, Glycine max L.corn, Zea mays L.Shikimateglyphosateherbicidesmode of actionRoundup Ready® beansACCase, acetyl CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2)AHAS, acetohydroxyacid synthase (EC 3.4.1.18)EPSP synthase, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EC 2.5.1.19)
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , September 1998 , pp. 527 - 530
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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