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Live and Killed Hairy Vetch Cover Crop Effects on Weeds and Yield in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Krishna N. Reddy  and
Clifford H. Koger
Krishna N. Reddy*
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
Clifford H. Koger
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

A 2-yr field study was conducted from 2002 to 2003 on a Dundee silt loam soil at the Southern Weed Science Research Unit Farm, Stoneville, MS (33°26′N latitude), to examine the effects of hairy vetch cover crop (hairy vetch killed at corn planting [HV-K], hairy vetch killed in a 38-cm-wide band centered over the crop row at corn planting [HV-B], hairy vetch left alive [HV-L], and no hairy vetch [NHV]) and glyphosate postemergence (broadcast, banded, and no herbicide) application on weed control and yield in glyphosate-resistant corn. Two applications of glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae/ha were applied 3 and 5 wk after planting (WAP) corn. Hairy vetch dry biomass was higher in HV-L (4,420 kg/ha) and HV-B (4,180 kg/ha) than in HV-K (1,960 kg/ha) plots at 7 WAP. Hairy vetch reduced densities of pitted morningglory, prickly sida, and yellow nutsedge in HV-B and HV-L compared with NHV plots, but hairy vetch had no effect on densities of barnyardgrass, johnsongrass, and large crabgrass at 7 WAP regardless of desiccation. Total weed dry biomass at 7 WAP was lower in HV-B and HV-L than in HV-K and NHV plots. Corn yield was higher in HV-K (10,280 kg/ha) than in HV-B (9,440 kg/ha) and HV-L (9,100 kg/ha), and yields were similar between HV-K and NHV (9,960 kg/ha). Glyphosate applied broadcast resulted in the highest corn yield (11,300 kg/ha) compared with a banded application (10,160 kg/ha). These findings indicate that hairy vetch cover crop has the potential for reducing the density of certain weed species in glyphosate-resistant corn production systems; however, optimum weed control and higher yield were obtained when glyphosate was used.

Keywords

Glyphosatebarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCGhairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth # VICVIjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHAlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop # DIGSApitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLAprickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSPyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPEScorn, Zea mays L. ‘AG RX 738RR’, ‘DKC 69-72RR’Cover cropglyphosateintegrated weed managementmulchtransgenic cornweed biomassweed densityHV-B, hairy vetch killed in a 38-cm-wide band centered over the crop row at corn plantingHV-K, hairy vetch killed at corn plantingHV-L, hairy vetch left aliveNHV, no hairy vetchPOST, postemergenceWAP, weeks after planting
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 835 - 840
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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