Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T04:14:32.744Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Florida Beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) Growth and Development in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John Cardina  and
Barry J. Brecke
John Cardina
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793
Barry J. Brecke
Affiliation:
Univ. Fla., Agric. Res. Educ. Cent., Jay, FL 32565
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Temporal changes in factors that contribute to the competitiveness of Florida beggarweed in peanuts were studied in 1986 and 1987. Florida beggarweed leaves were unifoliolate to the ninth node and trifoliolate thereafter. Peanuts grew taller than Florida beggarweed until the R-3 stage of peanuts, after which Florida beggarweed height increased logarithmically. Florida beggarweed branching was suppressed by the peanut canopy until the weed overtopped the peanuts. Florida beggarweed dry weight was reduced 80% by peanuts compared with Florida beggarweed grown alone. Peanuts reduced Florida beggarweed leaf area and canopy area. Percent light attenuation as a function of Florida beggarweed canopy area was described by the equation Y = lnX/25.5. Peanut yields in 60 cm of row on either side of a single Florida beggarweed plant were reduced 19%.

Keywords

Florida beggarweed, Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. ♯ DEDTOpeanut, Arachis hypogaea L. ‘Florunner’Phenologymodelingcanopy developmentcompetition
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , March 1991 , pp. 147 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Aldrich, R. J. 1987. Predicting crop yield reductions from weeds. Weed Technol. 1:199–206.Google Scholar
2. Boote, K. J. 1982. Growth stages of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Peanut Sci. 9:35–40.Google Scholar
3. Boote, K. J., Jones, J. W., Mishoe, J. W., and Berger, R. D. 1983. Coupling pests to crop growth simulators to predict yield reductions. Phytopathology 73:1581–1587.Google Scholar
4. Buchanan, G. A., Murray, D. S., and Hauser, E. W. 1982. Weeds and their control in peanuts. p. 206–249 in Pattee, H. E. and Young, C. T., eds. Peanut Sci. and Technol. Am. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc., Inc. Yoakum, TX.Google Scholar
5. Cardina, J., and Brecke, B. J. 1989. Growth and development of Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) selections. Weed Sci. 37:207–210.Google Scholar
6. Cardina, J., and Hook, J. E. 1989. Factors influencing germination and emergence of Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum). Weed Technol. 3:402–407.Google Scholar
7. Charles-Edwards, D. A., and Lawn, R. J. Light interception by grain legume row crops. Plant, Cell, Environ. 7:247–251.Google Scholar
8. Charles-Edwards, D. A., and Thronley, J.H.M. 1973. Light interception by an isolated plant: A simple model. Ann. Bot. 37:919–928.Google Scholar
9. Donald, C. M. 1963. Competition among crop and pasture plants. Adv. Agron. 15:1–118.Google Scholar
10. Duncan, W. H., and Foote, L. E. 1975. Wildflowers of the Southeastern United States. Univ. of Georgia Press, Athens. p. 78–79.Google Scholar
11. Elmore, C. D. 1988. Weed Survey – Southeastern States. Res. Rep. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Google Scholar
12. Griffin, B. S., Shilling, D. G., Bennett, J. M., and Currey, W. L. 1989. The influence of water stress on the physiology and competition of soybean (Glycine max) and Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum). Weed Sci. 37:544–551.Google Scholar
13. Gonsolus, J. L. 1986. Reciprocal interference effects between weeds and soybeans (Glycine max) measured by area of influence methodology. Ph.D. Diss. North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh (Diss. Abstr. 8608058).Google Scholar
14. Hauser, E. W., and Buchanan, G. A. 1981. Influence of row spacing, seeding rates, and herbicide systems on the competitiveness and yield of peanuts. Peanut Sci. 8:74–81.Google Scholar
15. Hauser, E. W., Buchanan, G. A., and Ethredge, W. J. 1975. Competition of Florida beggarweed and sicklepod with peanuts. I. Weed-free maintenance and weed competition. Weed Sci. 23:368–372.Google Scholar
16. Hauser, E. W., Buchanan, G. A., Nichols, R. L., and Patterson, R. M. 1982. Effects of Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) yield. Weed Sci. 30:602–604.Google Scholar
17. Hicks, T. V., Wehtje, G. R., and Wilcut, J. W. 1990. Weed control in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) with pyridate. Weed Technol. 4:493–495.Google Scholar
18. Hunt, R. 1982. Plant Growth Curves: The Functional Approach to Plant Growth Analysis. Edward Arnold, London. p. 61–78.Google Scholar
19. Monks, D. W., and Oliver, L. R. 1988. Interactions between soybean (Glycine max) cultivars and selected weeds. Weed Sci. 36:770–774.Google Scholar
20. Oliver, L. R., and Buchanan, G. A. 1986. Weed competition and economic thresholds. p. 71–97 in Camper, N. D., ed. Research Methods in Weed Science. South. Weed Sci. Soc., Champaign, IL.Google Scholar
21. Ott, L. 1977. An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis. Duxbury Press, North Sciutata, MA. p. 346.Google Scholar
22. Radford, A. E., Ahles, H. E., and Bell, C. R. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. Univ. North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. p. 608.Google Scholar
23. SAS Institute Inc. 1988. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Release 6.03 Edition. Chapter 20. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
24. Walker, G. K., Blackshaw, R. E., and Dekker, J. 1988. Leaf area and competition for light between plant species using direct sunlight transmission. Weed Technol. 2:159–165.Google Scholar
25. Wilcut, J. W., Wehtje, G. R., Patterson, M. G., Cole, T. A., and Hicks, T. V. 1989. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of foliar-applied chlorimuron in soybeans (Glycine max), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), and selected weeds. Weed Sci. 37:175–180.Google Scholar