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Effects of Fallow Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Control Programs on Newly Planted Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Edward P. Richard Jr.
Edward P. Richard Jr.*
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sugarcane Research Unit, P.O. Box 470, Houma, LA 70361
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in Louisiana to evaluate the effectiveness of tillage, tillage plus herbicide, and herbicide-only fallow programs in controlling bermudagrass. Tillage of fallow fields three times at 3- to 4-wk intervals between row formation in late May and planting in late September or early October reduced bermudagrass infestations in the newly planted crop in December 44 to 51%. When the final tillage operation was replaced by glyphosate postemergence at either 2.24 or 3.36 kg ai/ha in late August, bermudagrass infestation level in December on the surface of the newly planted rows was reduced to below 20%. Two applications of glyphosate at 3.36 kg/ha were more effective than tillage only and as effective as tillage twice followed by glyphosate in reducing bermudagrass infestation levels in the newly planted crop. Application of atrazine at 3.36 kg ai/ha, imazapyr at 0.68 kg ai/ha, metribuzin at 1.68 kg ai/ha, or sulfometuron at 0.14 and 0.28 kg ai/ha to newly formed rows in late May of the fallow period did not reduce the need for tillage or an application of glyphosate during the fallow period to control bermudagrass, but imazapyr at 1.12 kg/ha did. Sugarcane shoot populations in December of the fallow year were similar for the treatment programs despite differences in bermudagrass infestation levels, which ranged from 11 to 94%. However, sugarcane stalk number and height and cane and sugar yield in the plant-cane crop the following year were highest when glyphosate was applied to bermudagrass as two applications either alone or following the application of atrazine or metribuzin, when tillage was followed with one application of glyphosate, and in 1 yr when imazapyr alone was applied to newly formed rows.

Keywords

Atrazine, 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamineglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycineimazapyr, (±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidmetribuzin, 4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-onesulfometuron, 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acidbermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDAsugarcane, a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp. ‘CP 70–321’ and ‘CP 74–383.'AllelopathyatrazineglyphosateimazapyrmetribuzinsulfometuronCYNDAEPOST, early postemergenceLPOST, late postemergencePOST, postemergencePRE, preemergenceTRS, theoretically recoverable sugarWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 11 , Issue 4 , December 1997 , pp. 677 - 682
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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