Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T02:45:05.187Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Tillage on Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) Emergence and Vertical Distribution of Seed in the Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

D. E. Refsell  and
R. G. Hartzler
D. E. Refsell*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
R. G. Hartzler
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field studies were conducted in 2001 and 2002 to determine the effect of tillage on the emergence of common waterhemp from the soil seedbank. Emergence of common waterhemp was three times greater in no-till than chisel-till cultivation. Tillage did not affect the initial time of emergence; however, the time to 50% emergence was longer in no-till than chisel till. Duration of emergence did not differ among tillage systems. Common waterhemp seed was concentrated near the soil surface in no-till plots, whereas seed in the chisel-till plots were primarily found between 9 and 15 cm. The delayed and increased emergence in no-till cultivation may contribute to the greater problems in managing common waterhemp in no-till plots compared with plots where tillage is used.

Keywords

Common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer AMATADelayed emergencetillageseedbankAMATA
Type
Weed Biology and Competition
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , March 2009 , pp. 129 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Buhler, D. D. 1992. Population dynamics and control of annual weeds in corn (Zea mays) as influenced by tillage system. Weed Sci 40:241–248.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Daniel, T. C. 1988. Influence of tillage systems on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) density in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci 36:642–647.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Hartzler, R. G. 2001. Emergence and persistence of seed of velvetleaf, common waterhemp, woolly cupgrass, and giant foxtail. Weed Sci 49:230–235.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Mester, T. C. 1991. Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis). Weed Sci 39:200–203.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D., Mester, T. C., and Kohler, K. A. 1996. The effect of maize residues and tillage on emergence of Setaria faberi, Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album . Weed Res 36:153–165.Google Scholar
Cardina, J., Herms, C. P., and Doohan, D. J. 2002. Crop rotation and tillage system effects on weed seedbanks. Weed Sci 50:448–460.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. and Moss, S. R. 1990. A model of the effects of cultivation on vertical distribution of weed seeds within the soil. Weed Res 30:61–70.Google Scholar
Doran, J. W. and Linn, D. M. 1994. Microbial ecology of conservation management systems. Pages 1–28. in Hatfield, J. L. and Stewart, B. A., editors. Soil Biology: Effects on Soil Quality, Advances in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis.Google Scholar
Forcella, F., Buhler, D. D., and McGriffen, M. E. 1994. Pest management and crop residues. Pages 173–189. in Hatfield, J. L. and Stewart, B. A., editors. Crop Residue Management, Advances in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis.Google Scholar
Frye, W. W. 1984. Energy requirements in no-tillage. Pages 127–151. in Phillips, R. E. and Phillips, S. H., editors. No-Tillage Agriculture: Principles and Practices. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.Google Scholar
Ghorbani, R., Seel, W., and Leifert, C. 1999. Amaranthus retroflexus emergence requirements. Weed Sci 47:505–510.Google Scholar
Hartzler, R. G., Battles, B., and Nordby, D. 2004. Effect of common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) emergence date on growth and fecundity in soybean. Weed Sci 52:242–245.Google Scholar
Hartzler, R. G., Buhler, D. D., and Stoltenberg, D. E. 1999. Emergence characteristics of four annual weed species. Weed Sci 47:578–584.Google Scholar
Hulme, P. E. 2002. Seed-eaters: Seed dispersal, destruction, and demography. Pages 257–273. in Levey, D. J., Silva, W. R., and Galetti, M., editors. Seed Dispersal and Frugivory: Ecology, Evolution and Conservation. Wallingford, Oxon: CAB International. 536 p.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. D. and Lowery, B. 1985. Effect of three conservation tillage practices on soil temperature and thermal properties. Soil Sci. Am. J. 49:1547–1552.Google Scholar
Koskinen, W. C. and McWhorter, C. G. 1996. Weed control in conservation tillage. J. Soil Water Conserv 41:365–370.Google Scholar
Leon, R. G. and Owen, M. D. K. 2006. Tillage systems and seed dormancy effects on common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) seedling emergence. Weed Sci 54:1037–1044.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Callaway, M. B. 1992. Effects of tillage and mulch on the emergence and survival of weeds in sweet corn. J. Appl. Ecol 29:21–34.Google Scholar
Mulugeta, D. and Stoltenberg, D. E. 1997. Weed and seedbank management with integrated methods as influenced by tillage. Weed Sci 45:706–715.Google Scholar
Pareja, M. R., Staniforth, D. W., and Pareja, G. P. 1985. Distribution of weed seed among soil structural units. Weed Sci 33:182–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Feast, P. M. 1973. Emergence and longevity of seeds of annual weeds in cultivated and undisturbed soil. J. Appl. Ecol 10:133–143.Google Scholar
Rothrock, P. E., Squiers, E. R., and Sheeley, S. 1993. Heterogeneity and size of a persistent seedbank of Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Setaria faberi Herm. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 120:417–422.Google Scholar
Schreiber, M. M. 1992. Influence of tillage, crop rotation, and weed management on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) population dynamics and corn yield. Weed Sci 40:645–653.Google Scholar
Steckel, L. E., Sprague, C. L., Stoller, E. W., Wax, L. M., and Simmons, F. W. 2007. Tillage, cropping system, and soil depth effects on common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) seed-bank persistence. Weed Sci 55:235–239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Triplett, G. B. Jr. and VanDoren, D. M. Jr. 1977. Agriculture without tillage. Sci. Am 236:28–33.Google Scholar
Wiles, L. J., Barlin, D. H., Schweizer, E. E., Duke, H. R., and Whitt, D. E. 1996. A new soil sampler and elutriator for collecting and extracting weed seeds from soil. Weed Technol 10:35–41.Google Scholar
Yenish, J. P., Doll, J. D., and Buhler, D. D. 1992. Effects of tillage on vertical distribution and viability of weed seed in soil. Weed Sci 40:429–433.Google Scholar