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Effect of Sulfonylurea Herbicides on Early Development of Egyptian Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Joseph Hershenhorn ,
Dina Plakhine ,
Yaakov Goldwasser ,
James H. Westwood ,
Chester L. Foy  and
Yeshaiahu Kleifeld
Joseph Hershenhorn
Affiliation:
Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021 Ramat-Yishay, Israel 30095
Dina Plakhine
Affiliation:
Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021 Ramat-Yishay, Israel 30095
Yaakov Goldwasser
Affiliation:
Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021 Ramat-Yishay, Israel 30095
James H. Westwood
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Stale University, Blacksburg, VA 24061–0331
Chester L. Foy
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Stale University, Blacksburg, VA 24061–0331
Yeshaiahu Kleifeld
Affiliation:
Department of Weed Research, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095 Israel
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Abstract

The effect of the sulfonylurea herbicides, bensulfuron, chlorsulfuron, nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, rimsulfuron, thifensulfuron, and triasulfuron, on seed germination and radicle elongation of the parasitic plant, Egyptian broomrape, was tested in vitro without a host plant. These herbicides applied to the seeds at the preconditioning and germination stages significantly reduced radicle elongation of the parasite. Chlorsulfuron, rimsulfuron, and triasulfuron were further tested in polyethylene bags, where the parasite was able to parasitize tomato roots. Chlorsulfuron and triasulfuron applied at 2.5 and 25 μM ai and rimsulfuron at 5.0 μM ai, at the preconditioning and germination stages, almost completely inhibited parasite development, but at lower concentrations the parasite partially recovered 26 days after application. Chlorsulfuron inhibited parasite development for 34 d. Chlorsulfuron, triasulfuron, and rimsulfuron damaged parasite organs and caused rapid death of Egyptian broomrape tubercles when applied after the parasite had completed attachment to host roots. However, chlorsulfuron and triasulfuron at 25 μM ai were toxic to the tomato plants.

Keywords

Bensulfuron, 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-methyl]benzoic acidchlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamideglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycinenicosulfuron, 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamideprimisulfuron, 2-[[[[[4,6-bis(difluoromethoxy)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]- sulfonyl]benzoic acidrimsulfuron, N-[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]-3-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-pyridinesulfonamidethifensulfuron, 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]- sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acidtriasulfuron, 2-(2-chloroethoxy)-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamideEgyptian broomrape, Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. # ORAAEtomato, Lycopersicon esculentum MillParasitic weedsORAAEDAA, days after applicationGR24, synthetic strigol analoguePE, polyethylene
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , March 1998 , pp. 108 - 114
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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