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Effect of Postemergence Glyphosate Application Timing on Weed Control and Grain Yield in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn: Results of a 2-Yr Multistate Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Steven A. Gower ,
Mark M. Loux ,
John Cardina ,
S. Kent Harrison ,
Paul L. Sprankle ,
Norman J. Probst ,
Thomas T. Bauman ,
Wayne Bugg ,
W. S. Curran  and
Randall S. Currie
...Show all authors
Steven A. Gower
Affiliation:
Diagnostic Services, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Mark M. Loux*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
John Cardina
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
S. Kent Harrison
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
Paul L. Sprankle
Affiliation:
Monsanto Company, Westerville, OH 43081
Norman J. Probst
Affiliation:
Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63198
Thomas T. Bauman
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
Wayne Bugg
Affiliation:
Monsanto Company, Noblesville, IN 46060
W. S. Curran
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
Randall S. Currie
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Garden City, KS 67846
R. Gordon Harvey
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
William G. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
James J. Kells
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Micheal D. K. Owen
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
David L. Regehr
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
Charles H. Slack
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
Marvin Spaur
Affiliation:
Monsanto Company, Monmouth, IL 61462
Christy L. Sprague
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Mark Vangessel
Affiliation:
Plant and Soil Sciences Department, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE 19947
Bryan G. Young
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and General Agriculture, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted at 35 sites throughout the north-central United States in 1998 and 1999 to determine the effect of postemergence glyphosate application timing on weed control and grain yield in glyphosate-resistant corn. Glyphosate was applied at various timings based on the height of the most dominant weed species. Weed control and corn grain yields were considerably more variable when glyphosate was applied only once. The most effective and consistent season-long annual grass and broadleaf weed control occurred when a single glyphosate application was delayed until weeds were 15 cm or taller. Two glyphosate applications provided more consistent weed control when weeds were 10 cm tall or less and higher corn grain yields when weeds were 5 cm tall or less, compared with a single application. Weed control averaged at least 94 and 97% across all sites in 1998 and 1999, respectively, with two glyphosate applications but was occasionally less than 70% because of late emergence of annual grass and Amaranthus spp. or reduced control of Ipomoea spp. With a single application of glyphosate, corn grain yield was most often reduced when the application was delayed until weeds were 23 cm or taller. Averaged across all sites in 1998 and 1999, corn grain yields from a single glyphosate application at the 5-, 10-, 15-, 23-, and 30-cm timings were 93, 94, 93, 91, and 79% of the weed-free control, respectively. There was a significant effect of herbicide treatment on corn grain yield in 23 of the 35 sites when weed reinfestation was prevented with a second glyphosate application. When weed reinfestation was prevented, corn grain yield at the 5-, 10-, and 15-cm application timings was 101, 97, and 93% of the weed-free control, respectively, averaged across all sites. Results of this study suggested that the optimum timing for initial glyphosate application to avoid corn grain yield loss was when weeds were less than 10 cm in height, no more than 23 d after corn planting, and when corn growth was not more advanced than the V4 stage.

Keywords

GlyphosateAmaranthus spp. #3 AMASSIpomoea spp. # IPOSScorn, Zea mays L. ‘Roundup Ready®’ # SETFAHerbicide-resistant cropsweed interferencePOST, postemergence
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 821 - 828
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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