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Do Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) Seedling Emergence Patterns Meet Criteria for Herbicide Resistance Simulation Modeling?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Brian J. Schutte  and
Adam S. Davis
Brian J. Schutte*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
Adam S. Davis
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

A study was conducted to quantify the magnitude and sources of variation in common waterhemp temporal patterns of emergence over 1 yr. In 2008 and 2010, emergence patterns in the absence of soil disturbance were determined for replicated samples of maternal families (progeny from one individual) separately harvested during the previous year from four plants within each of four agricultural fields (16 maternal families yr−1) at a university research farm near Urbana, IL. Combining data across years, variance partitioning indicated that seed sample within maternal family explained 48% of total variation in the percentage of viable, buried seeds that produced seedlings. Differences within, rather than among, maternal families also accounted for large fractions (60 to 99%) of total variation in cumulative percentage emergence at specific points during the growing season. Within years, seed samples characterized by delayed or accelerated emergence patterns did not originate from specific maternal plants. These results indicate that common waterhemp seed populations are without strong maternal plant effects that limit emergence to narrow intervals within the overall emergence period. Thus, results of this study support the use of contemporary approaches for modeling herbicide resistance evolution in common waterhemp, which assume seedling cohorts contain offspring from all individuals occurring within the maternal population.

Se realizó un estudio para cuantificar la magnitud y las fuentes de variación en los patrones temporales de emergencia de Amaranthus rudis durante un año. En 2008 y 2010, se determinaron los patrones de emergencia en ausencia de perturbación del suelo de muestras replicadas de familias maternas (progenie de un individuo) cosechadas separadamente durante el año previo a partir de cuatro plantas por campo, provenientes de cuatro campos agrícolas (16 familias maternas por año), en una finca experimental universitaria cerca de Urbana, Illinois. Combinando los años, la partición de la varianza indicó que la muestra de semilla dentro de la familia materna explicó el 48% del total de la variación del porcentaje de semilla viable que produjo plántulas. Diferencias dentro y no entre familias maternas también fue responsable de gran parte (60 a 99%) del total de la variación en el porcentaje de emergencia acumulado en momentos específicos durante la temporada de crecimiento. Dentro de los años, muestras de semillas caracterizadas por mostrar patrones de emergencia retrasados o acelerados no se originaron a partir de plantas maternas específicas. Estos resultados indican que las poblaciones de semillas de A. rudis no tienen fuertes efectos maternos que limiten la emergencia a intervalos cortos dentro del periodo de emergencia general. De esta forma, los resultados de este estudio apoyan el uso de métodos contemporáneos para el modelaje de la evolución de resistencia a herbicidas en A. rudis, los cuales asumen que los cohortes de plántulas contienen progenie proveniente de todos los individuos que están presentes dentro de la población materna.

Keywords

Common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer AMATAEmergence modelingmaternal effectsseed germinationseedbank persistencevariance partitioning
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , June 2014 , pp. 408 - 417
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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