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Dioscorea oppositifolia L. Phenotypic Evaluations and Comparison of Control Strategies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Thomas C. Mueller ,
Darren K. Robinson ,
Joseph E. Beeler ,
Christopher L. Main ,
Dana Soehn  and
Kristine Johnson
Thomas C. Mueller*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, 252 Ellington Plant Science Building, 2431 Center Drive, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4561
Darren K. Robinson
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, 252 Ellington Plant Science Building, 2431 Center Drive, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4561
Joseph E. Beeler
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, 252 Ellington Plant Science Building, 2431 Center Drive, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4561
Christopher L. Main
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, 252 Ellington Plant Science Building, 2431 Center Drive, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4561
Dana Soehn
Affiliation:
Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 107 Park Headquarters Road, Gatlinburg, TN 37721
Kristine Johnson
Affiliation:
Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 107 Park Headquarters Road, Gatlinburg, TN 37721
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Dioscorea oppositifolia (Chinese yam) is an exotic perennial vine invading natural areas in the temperate regions of the eastern United States. Rapid early-season growth of D. oppositifolia is facilitated by an extensive tuber system. Plants can reach heights greater than 370 cm, as the plants climb trees and other vegetation. Shoot length increased 3.6 cm/d from late May to mid-August under field conditions, and primary and secondary tuber length increased 0.28 and 0.2 cm/d, respectively. This indicated rapid vegetative growth and substantial food reserves to form new plants in subsequent years. Dioscorea oppositifolia plants also formed aerial bulbils of 0.8- to 1.2-cm diameter, which are important in dissemination of the species over geographical areas. A field study indicated incomplete control from manual removal, clipping by hand, or glyphosate (2% v/v) application to control D. oppositifolia, although glyphosate was the most effective. Additionally, the use of herbicides was more efficient from a time-utilization perspective than either manual removal or clipping. In a separate study, glyphosate application at flowering was more effective in reducing D. oppositifolia growth the year after application as compared with glyphosate applications soon after emergence. Under greenhouse conditions, however, glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae/ha provided <15% control. The ester formulation of triclopyr at 2.5 kg ai/ha provided >90% D. oppositifolia control. Metsulfuron provided 31% control, and mesotrione provided 36% control and at higher rates may reduce D. oppositifolia growth. Several other herbicides having diverse modes of action provided minimal control of D. oppositifolia.

Keywords

Glyphosate, triclopyrDioscorea oppositifoliaChinese yam, cinnamon vineDioscorea batatasexotic plantsinvasive plantsnatural areasNIS, nonionic surfactant
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 705 - 710
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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