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Confirmation, Control, and Physiology of Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) in Arkansas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jason K. Norsworthy ,
Dilpreet Riar ,
Prashant Jha  and
Robert C. Scott
Jason K. Norsworthy*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Dilpreet Riar
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Prashant Jha
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Robert C. Scott
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, P.O. Box 357, Lonoke, AR 72086
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed in Arkansas was reported in 2005. A study was conducted to (1) confirm and characterize the glyphosate resistance in giant ragweed, (2) determine if reduced absorption or translocation is the mechanism of glyphosate resistance in giant ragweed, and (3) evaluate the efficacy of nine POST-applied soybean herbicides to control glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible giant ragweed. Based on the rate required to kill 50% of plants (LD50 values), resistant giant ragweed biotypes from Greene and Jefferson counties were 2.3- to 7.2-fold less sensitive to glyphosate compared to susceptible biotypes. Glyphosate absorption and translocation for glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible biotypes was similar at 24 and 72 h after treatment. Thus, differential absorption or translocation is not a mechanism of glyphosate resistance in this resistant giant ragweed biotype. Control of resistant giant ragweed biotypes with glyphosate at a labeled field application rate of 840 g ha−1 was only 60% or less compared to complete control of a susceptible giant ragweed biotype. However, bentazon, carfentrazone, cloransulam, and fomesafen controlled both biotypes more than 95%.

Se reportó en 2005 en Arkansas la resistencia de Ambrosia trifida a glifosato. Se realizó un estudio para (a) confirmar y caracterizar la resistencia de A. trifida al glifosato, (b) evaluar la eficacia de nueve herbicidas aplicados POST en soya para controlar A. trifida resistente y susceptible al glifosato y (c) determinar si la absorción reducida o la translocación es el mecanismo de resistencia al glifosato en esta maleza. Basándose en los valores LD50 (dosis necesaria para matar el 50% de las plantas), los biotipos resistentes de Ambrosia de los condados de Greene y Jefferson fueron 2.3 a 7.2 veces menos sensibles al glifosato comparados con los biotipos susceptibles. El control de biotipos resistentes con glifosato aplicado en el campo a la dosis recomendada de 840 g ha−1, fue solamente 60% o menos, comparado con el control completo de un biotipo susceptible de la maleza. Sin embargo, bentazon, carfentrazone, cloransulam y fomesafen controlaron ambos biotipos más del 95%. La absorción y translocación del glifosato fue similar para los biotipos resistentes y susceptibles 24 y 72 horas posteriores al tratamiento. Por lo tanto, la absorción o translocación diferencial no es un mecanismo de resistencia al glifosato en este biotipo de A. trifida resistente.

Keywords

Bentazoncarfentrazonecloransulamfomesafenglyphosategiant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrGlyphosate resistanceherbicide resistance mechanismpostemergence herbicides
Type
Weed Managment—Techniques
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 3 , September 2011 , pp. 430 - 435
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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