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Allelopathic Potential of Wild Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jason K. Norsworthy
Jason K. Norsworthy*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 277 Poole Ag. Center, Clemson, SC 29634-0359
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The allelopathic potential of wild radish was evaluated in controlled environments by determining if an aqueous extract from oven-dried wild radish shoots suppressed germination and radicle growth of some crops and weeds common to the southeastern United States. In addition, phytotoxicity from topical applications of the aqueous extract was assessed, along with crop and weed suppression by soil incorporated, air-dried wild radish residues. Germination and radicle growth of all species were reduced by the extract compared with distilled water. However, topical applications of the aqueous extract failed to induce injury on any species by 7 d after treatment. Emergence and shoot fresh weight of the bioassay plants were reduced by wild radish residue incorporated into soil, with the level of suppression dependent on the quantity of residue incorporated. Sicklepod and prickly sida were extremely sensitive to incorporated wild radish residues, with > 95% fresh weight reduction at 0.5% (wt/wt) residue, compared with an untreated control. Conversely, yellow nutsedge showed a high degree of tolerance in all trials. Of the crops evaluated, cotton emergence and growth were most sensitive to incorporated wild radish residues. These data indicate that wild radish aqueous extract or incorporated residues (or both) suppress seed germination, radicle growth, seedling emergence, and seedling growth of certain crops and weeds and these responses are attributed to an allelochemical effect.

Keywords

Prickly sida, Sida spinosa L. #3 SIDSPsicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby # CASOBwild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum L. # RAPRAyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPEScotton, Gossypium hirsutum LAllelopathyBrassicaceaecover cropintegrated weed managementHAT, hours after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 307 - 313
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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