Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T20:53:59.387Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Yellow Nutsedge Control with Soft-Incorporated Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

P. E. Keeley  and
R. J. Thullen
P. E. Keeley
Affiliation:
Agr. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. of Agr., Shafter, California 93263
R. J. Thullen
Affiliation:
Agr. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. of Agr., Shafter, California 93263
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the influence of 12 soil-applied herbicides on the sprouting and mortality of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers. Alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], butachlor [N-(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-2′,6′-diethylacetanilide], cycloate (S-ethyl N-ethylthiocyclohexanecarbamate), EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), napropamide [2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide], and U-27267 (3,4,5-tribromo-N,N,α-trimethylpyrazole-1-acetamide) delayed sprouting of tubers and provided 6 to 12 weeks control, but failed to kill tubers. Tubers appeared to escape injury by failing to sprout until activity of the herbicides had substantially dissipated. Herbicides known to interfere with photosynthesis, atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], bromacil (5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil), methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione], prometryne [2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine], San-6706 [4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone], and terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) did not delay sprouting of tubers, but killed shoots after emergence. In addition to controlling vegetative growth, the photosynthetic inhibitors killed tubers by rapidly exhausting the food reserves of these storage organs.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , July 1974 , pp. 378 - 383
Copyright
Copyright © 1974 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Ashton, F.M. 1965. Physiological, biochemical, and structural modifications of plants induced by atrazine and monuron. Proc. S. Weed Conf. 18:596–602.Google Scholar
2. Bailey, G.W. and White, J.L. 1964. Review of adsorption and desorption of organic pesticides by soil colloids, with implications concerning pesticide bioactivity. J. Agr. Food Chem. 12:324–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Bell, R.S., Lachman, W.H., Rahn, E.M., and Sweet, R.D. 1962. Life history studies as related to weed control in the Northeast. 1. Northern nutgrass. R.I. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. No. 364. 33 p.Google Scholar
4. Brian, R.C. 1964. The classification of herbicides and types of herbicides. Pages 1–37 in Audus, L.J., The Physiology and Biochemistry of Herbicides. Academic Press, Inc., New York, N.Y. Google Scholar
5. Bruinsma, J. 1965. Effects of pesticidal treatments on the chlorophyll content of plant parts. Pages 1–39 in Francis A. Gunther, Residue Reviews, Vol. 10. Springer-Verlag, New York, Inc. Google Scholar
6. Gray, R.A. 1971. Behavior, persistence and degradation of carbamate and thiocarbamate herbicides in the environment. Proc. Calif. Weed Conf. 23:128–134.Google Scholar
7. Hardcastle, W.S. and Wilkinson, R.E. 1968. Response of purple and yellow nutsedge to dichlobenil. Weed Sci. 16:339–340.Google Scholar
8. Hilton, J.L., Scharen, A.L., John, J.B. St., Moreland, D.E., and Norris, K.H. 1969. Modes of action of pyridazinone herbicides. Weed Sci. 17:541–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Holt, E.C., Long, J.A., and Allen, W.W. 1962. The toxicity of EPTC to nutsedge. Weeds 10:103–105.Google Scholar
10. Jansen, L.L. 1971. Morphology and photoperiodic responses of yellow nutsedge. Weed Sci. 19:210–219.Google Scholar
11. Keeley, P.E., Carter, C.H., and Miller, J.H. 1972. Evaluation of the relative phytotoxicity of herbicides to cotton and nutsedge. Weed Sci. 20:71–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. King, L.J. 1966. Weeds of the World, Biology and Control. Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York. 526 p.Google Scholar
13. Moreland, D.E. 1967. Mechanisms of action of herbicides. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 18:365–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Parker, C., Holly, K., and Hocombe, S.D. 1969. Herbicides for nutgrass control – Conclusions from ten years of testing at Oxford. PANS 15:54–63.Google Scholar
15. Ray, B. and Wilcox, M. 1969. Chemical fallow control of nutsedge. Weed Res. 9:86–94.Google Scholar
16. Stoller, E.W., Nema, D.P., and Bhan, V.M. 1972. Yellow nutsedge tuber germination and seedling development. Weed Sci. 20:93–97.Google Scholar
17. Stoller, E.W. and Wax, L.M. 1973. Yellow nutsedge shoot emergence and tuber longevity. Weed Sci. 21:76–81.Google Scholar
18. Taylorson, R.B. 1967. Seasonal variation in sprouting and available carbohydrate in yellow nutsedge tubers. Weeds 15:22–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Tumbleson, M.E. and Kommedahl, T. 1961. Reproductive potential of Cyperus esculentus by tubers. Weeds 9:646–653.Google Scholar
20. Waters, W.E. and Burgis, D.S. 1968. Herbicidal persistence in soil and its effect on purple nutsedge. Weeds 16:149–151.Google Scholar
21. Wax, L.M., Stoller, E.W., Slife, F.W., and Anderson, R.N. 1972. Yellow nutsedge control in soybeans. Weed Sci. 20:194–201.Google Scholar
22. Weed Society of America. 1970. Herbicide Handbook. Humphrey Press, Geneva, New York. 368 p.Google Scholar