Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T22:23:24.814Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa) I. Grain Characteristics and Growth Response to Competition of Weedy Rice Variants from Five Asian Countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath S. Chauhan  and
David E. Johnson
Bhagirath S. Chauhan*
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
David E. Johnson
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Weedy rice is a serious weed of cultivated rice in most of the rice-growing areas of the tropics and yet, despite its importance as a weed, limited information is available on its biology in Asia. A study was conducted to determine the seed characteristics and growth response to competition of weedy rice variants from five Asian countries (India [IWR], Malaysia [MWR], Philippines [PWR], Thailand [TWR], and Vietnam [VWR]) when grown alone or with either 4 or 12 cultivated rice (‘IR72’) plants. Seed characteristics including weight, length, width, and presence and length of awn differed between weedy rice variants. PWR had the heaviest seed (25 mg seed−1). Growth of weedy rice plants differed among variants and, generally, VWR grew the fastest. IR72 interference greatly reduced tiller and leaf numbers, leaf area, and shoot biomass of all weedy rice variants. At 8 wk after sowing, for example, shoot biomass of weedy rice variants in competition with 12 IR72 plants was 13 to 30% of that where plants were grown alone. TWR plants were shorter than those of other variants at all levels of crop interference. These results show that there are considerable differences among Asian weedy rice variants and yet, competition from the rice crop greatly suppresses weedy rice growth. This suggests that measures to ensure a competitive crop should be an important component of control strategies.

Keywords

Weedy rice, Oryza sativa f. spontanea L. ORYSArice, Oryza sativa L. ‘IR72’Weedy rice seedawnIR72leaf areashoot biomass
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 58 , Issue 4 , December 2010 , pp. 374 - 380
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Azmi, M., Abdullah, M. Z., Mislamah, B., and Baki, B. B. 2000. Management of weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.): the Malaysian experience. Pages 91–96. in Wild and Weedy Rice in Rice Ecosystems in Asia—A Review. Limited Proceedings No. 2. Baki, B. B., Chin, D. V., and Mortimer, M. eds. Los Baños, Philippines International Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Azmi, M., Muhamad, H., and Johnson, D. E. 2005. Impact of weedy rice infestation on rice yield and influence of crop establishment technique. Pages. 507–513. in. Proceedings of the 20th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Asian Pacific Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
Azmi, M., Watanabe, H., Abdullah, M. Z., and Zainal, A. H. 1994. Padi angin, an emerging threat to direct-seeded rice. Pages. 29–36. in. Proceedings of the Malaysian Congress of Science and Technology. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Confederation of Scientific and Technological Associations in Malaysia.Google Scholar
Baker, J. B. and Sonnier, E. A. 1983. Red rice and its control. Pages. 327–333. in. Weed Control in Rice. Manila, Philippines International Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Baskin, C. C. and Baskin, J. M. 1998. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. San Diego, CA Academic. 666 p.Google Scholar
Benvenuti, S., Macchia, M., and Miele, S. 2001. Quantitative analysis of emergence of seedlings from buried weed seeds with increasing soil depth. Weed Sci. 49:528–535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burgos, N. R., Norman, R. J., Gealy, D. R., and Black, H. 2006. Competitive N uptake between rice and weedy rice. Field Crops Res. 99:96–105.Google Scholar
Caton, B. P., Foin, T. C., and Hill, J. E. 1997. Phenotypic plasticity of Ammannia spp. in competition with rice. Weed Res. 37:33–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chin, D. V. 2001. Biology and management of barnyardgrass, red sprangletop and weedy rice. Weed Biol. Manag. 1:37–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diarra, A., Smith, R. J. Jr., and Talbert, R. E. 1985. Growth and morphological characteristics of red rice (Oryza sativa) biotypes. Weed Sci. 33:310–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Estorninos, L. E., Gealy, D. R. Jr., and Talbert, R. E. 2002. Growth response of rice (Oryza sativa) and red rice (O. sativa) in a replacement series study. Weed Technol. 16:401–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GenStat 8.0 2005. GenStat Release 8 Reference Manual. Oxford, UK VSN International. 343 p.Google Scholar
Goss, W. L. and Brown, E. 1939. Buried red rice seed. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 31:633–637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harper, J. L. 1977. Population Biology of Plants. London Academic. 892 p.Google Scholar
Kwon, S. L., Smith, R. J. Jr., and Talbert, R. E. 1991. Interference of red rice (Oryza sativa) densities in rice (O. sativa). Weed Sci. 39:169–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortimer, M., Pandey, S., and Piggin, C. 2000. Weedy rice: approaches to ecological appraisal and implications for research priorities. Pages 97–105. in Wild and Weedy Rice in Rice Ecosystems in Asia—A Review. Limited Proceedings No. 2. Baki, B. B., Chin, D. V., and Mortimer, M. eds. Los Baños, Philippines International Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Noldin, J. A. 2000. Red rice status and management in the Americas. Pages 21–24. in Wild and Weedy Rice in Rice Ecosystems in Asia—A Review. Limited Proceedings No. 2. Baki, B. B., Chin, D. V., and Mortimer, M. eds. Los Baños, Philippines International Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Noldin, J. A., Chandler, J. M., and McCauley, G. N. 1999. Red rice (Oryza sativa) biology. I. Characterization of red rice ecotypes. Weed Technol. 13:12–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olofsdotter, M., Valverde, B. E., and Madsen, K. H. 2000. Herbicide resistant rice (Oryza sativa L.): Global implications for weedy rice and weed management. Ann. Appl. Biol. 137:279–295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pyon, J. Y., Kwon, W. Y., and Guh, J. O. 2000. Distribution, emergence, and control of Korean weedy rice. Pages 37–40. in Wild and Weedy Rice in Rice Ecosystems in Asia—A Review. Limited Proceedings No. 2. Baki, B. B., Chin, D. V., and Mortimer, M. eds. Los Baños, Philippines International Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Rao, A. N., Johnson, D. E., Sivaprasad, B., Ladha, J. K., and Mortimer, A. M. 2007. Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Adv. Agron. 93:153–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Second, G. 1991. Report on Oryza officinalis as a weed and a new genome ‘A’ weed which appeared last year. Report on observations made on a trip to San Jose area (Occidental Mindoro), weekend of 19–20 October 1991. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines International Rice Research Institute. 5 p.Google Scholar
Smith, R. J. Jr. 1981. Control of red rice (Oryza sativa) in water-seeded rice (O. sativa). Weed Sci. 29:663–666.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, R. J. Jr. 1983. Competition of bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fascicularis) with rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Sci. 31:120–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, R. J. Jr. 1989. Cropping and herbicide systems for red rice (Oryza sativa) control. Weed Technol. 3:414–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wahab, A. H. and Suhaimi, O. 1991. Padi angin characteristics, adverse effects and methods of its eradication. Teknol Padi. 7:21–31. [In Malay with English abstract].Google Scholar
Watanabe, H. 1995. Weedy rice problems in Southeast Asia and control strategy. Pages. 68–80. in. Proceedings of the 15th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Tokyo Asian Pacific Weed Science Society.Google Scholar