Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:23:30.708Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weeds in field margins: a spatially explicit simulation analysis of Canada thistle population dynamics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dana Blumenthal  and
Nicholas Jordan
Nicholas Jordan
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field margin weeds may contribute to the invasion and persistence of weeds in arable fields. Experimental studies of this hypothesis, however, have been inconclusive. We examined the role of field margin weed populations with a spatially explicit simulation model of Canada thistle population dynamics. We measured the contribution of field margin populations to weed pressure in the field across a wide range of parameter values and compared the weed control value of efforts applied to the field margin to that of similar efforts applied to the field. Under most combinations of parameter values, field margin weeds contributed little to weed pressure in the field, suggesting that controlling field margin weeds may often be of little value. Two conditions appeared to be necessary for field margin weeds to influence weed population dynamics within the field: the presence of unoccupied weed habitat, which increased the importance of dispersal to population growth, and high dispersal rates of field margin weeds relative to field weeds, which increased the relative contribution of field margin weeds to dispersal.

Keywords

Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. CIRARMetapopulationsource-sinkdispersalpatchiness
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 49 , Issue 4 , August 2001 , pp. 509 - 519
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Akçakaya, H. R. 1998. RAMAS GIS: Linking Landscape Data with Population Viability Analysis. Version 3.0. Setauket, NY: Applied Biomathematics. pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
Andreasen, C., Jensen, J. E., and Streibig, J. C. 1991. Soil properties and plant nutrients affecting the occurrence of Poa annua, Stellaria media and Viola arvensis on arable land. Pages 395–402 In Brighton Crop Protection Conference—Weeds. Surrey, Great Britain: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Auld, B. A. and Coote, B. G. 1980. A model of a spreading plant population. Oikos 34:287–292.Google Scholar
Bakker, D. 1960. A comparative life history study of Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. and Tussilago farfara L., the most troublesome weeds in the newly reclaimed polders of the former Zuiderzee. Pages 185–200 In Harper, J. L., ed. The Biology of Weeds. Oxford, Great Britain: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Ballaré, C. L., Scopel, A. L., Ghersa, C. M., and Sanchez, R. A. 1987. The population ecology of Datura ferox in soybean crops: a simulation approach incorporating seed dispersal. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 19:177–188.Google Scholar
Benoit, D. L., Derksen, D. A., and Panneton, B. 1992. Innovative approaches to seedbank studies. Weed Sci. 40:660–669.Google Scholar
Boatman, N. D. 1989. Selective weed control in field margins. Pages 785–794 In Brighton Crop Protection Conference—Weeds. Surrey, Great Britain: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Bostock, S. J. and Benton, R. A. 1979. The reproductive strategies of five perennial Compositae. J. Ecol. 67:91–107.Google Scholar
Cardina, J., Sparrow, D. H., and McCoy, E. L. 1995. Analysis of spatial distribution of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) in no-till soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 43:258–268.Google Scholar
Chancellor, R. J. 1985. Maps of the changes in the weeds of Boddington Barn field over twenty years (1961–1981). Yarnton, UK: Agricultural and Food Research Council Weed Research Organization Technical Rep. 84. pp. 1–38.Google Scholar
Charron, D. and Gagnon, D. 1991. The demography of northern populations of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng). J. Ecol. 79:431–445.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. and Mortimer, M. 1995. Dynamics of Weed Populations. Cambridge, Great Britain: Cambridge University Press. pp. 237–238.Google Scholar
Dieleman, J. A., Mortenson, D. A., and Buhler, D. D. 1997. Multivariate approaches for linking field-scale variability of soil properties and weed populations. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 37:46.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. 1990. Management and control of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Rev. Weed. Sci. 5:193–250.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. and Kahn, M. 1996. Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) effects on yield components of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci 44:114–121.Google Scholar
Ehrlen, J. 1995. Demography of the perennial herb Lathyrus vernus . II. Herbivory and population dynamics. J. Ecol. 83:297–308.Google Scholar
Firbank, L. G. 1993. Short term variability of plant populations within regularly disturbed habitat. Oecologia 94:351–355.Google Scholar
Fogelfors, H. 1985. The importance of field edge as a spreader of seed-propagated weeds. Pages 178–189 In The 20th Swedish Weed Conference. Uppsala, Sweden: Department of Plant Husbandry and Research Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.Google Scholar
Gerhards, R., Wyse-Pester, D. Y., and Johnson, G. A. 1997. Characterizing spatial stability of weed populations using interpolated maps. Weed Sci. 45:108–119.Google Scholar
Hanski, I., and Simberloff, D. 1997. The metapopulation approach, its history, conceptual domain, and application to conservation. Pages 5–26 In Hanski, I. A. and Gilpin, M. E., eds. Metapopulation Biology: Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hastings, A. and Harrison, S. 1994. Metapopulation dynamics and genetics. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25:167–188.Google Scholar
Holzner, W. and Immonen, R. 1982. Europe: an overview of weed flora and vegetation. Geobotany 2:203–226.Google Scholar
Horvitz, C. C. and Schemske, D. W. 1995. Spatiotemporal variation in demographic transitions of a tropical understory herb: projection matrix analysis. Ecol. Monogr. 65:155–192.Google Scholar
Howard, C. L. and Cussans, G. W. 1991. The dispersal of weeds: seed movement in arable agriculture. Pages 821–828 In Brighton Crop Protection Conference—Weeds. Surrey, Great Britain: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Howe, H. F. and Smallwood, J. 1982. Ecology of seed dispersal. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 13:201–228.Google Scholar
Hume, L. and Archibold, O. W. 1986. The influence of a weedy habitat on the seed bank of an adjacent cultivated field. Can. J. Bot. 64:1879–1883.Google Scholar
Janzen, D. H. 1983. No park is an island: increase in interference from outside as park size decreases. Oikos 41:402–410.Google Scholar
Jones, N. E., and Naylor, R.E.L. 1992. Significance of seed rain from set aside. Pages 91–96 In Clarke, J., ed. Set-Aside. Surrey, Great Britain: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Jongejans, E. and Schippers, P. 1999. Modeling seed dispersal by wind in herbaceous species. Oikos 87:362–372.Google Scholar
Kadmon, R. and Shmida, A. 1990. Spatiotemporal demographic processes in plant populations: an approach and a case study. Am. Nat. 135:382–397.Google Scholar
Keddy, P. A. 1981. Population ecology on an environmental gradient: Calike edentula on a sand dune. Oecologia 52:348–355.Google Scholar
Kleijn, D. 1997. Species Richness and Weed Abundance in the Vegetation of Arable Field Boundaries. , Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Knops, J., Tilman, D., Haddad, N. M., et al. 1999. Effects of plant species richness on invasion dynamics, disease outbreaks, insect abundances and diversity. Ecol. Lett. 2:286–293.Google Scholar
Lesica, P. and Shelly, J. S. 1995. Effects of reproductive mode on demography and life-history in Arabis fecunda (Brassicaceae). Am. J. Bot. 82:752–762.Google Scholar
Levin, S. A. 1976. Population dynamics in heterogeneous environments. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7:287–310.Google Scholar
Levin, S. A., Cohen, D., and Hastings, A. 1984. Dispersal strategies in patchy environments. Theor. Popul. Biol. 26:165–191.Google Scholar
Levins, R. 1969. Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological control. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. 15:237–240.Google Scholar
Marshall, E.J.P. 1988. Field-scale estimates of grass populations in arable land. Weed Res. 28:191–198.Google Scholar
Marshall, E.J.P. 1989. Distribution patterns of plants associated with arable field edges. J. Appl. Ecol. 26:247–257.Google Scholar
Marshall, E.J.P. and Smith, B. D. 1987. Field margin flora and fauna: interaction with agriculture. Pages 23–34 In Way, J. M. and Greig-Smith, P. W., eds. Field Margins: Integrating Agriculture and Conservation. Surrey, Great Britain: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Maxwell, B. D. and Ghersa, C. 1992. The influence of weed seed dispersion versus the effect of competition on crop yield. Weed Technol. 6:196–204.Google Scholar
McEvoy, P. B. and Cox, C. S. 1987. Wind dispersal distances in dimorphic achenes of ragwort, Senecio jacobaea . Ecology 68:2006–2015.Google Scholar
Michaux, B. 1989. Reproductive and vegetative biology of Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. (Compositae: Cynareae). N. Z. J. Bot. 27:401–414.Google Scholar
Moloney, K. A. 1988. Fine scale spatial and temporal variation in the demography of a perennial bunchgrass. Ecology 69:1588–1598.Google Scholar
Mortensen, D. A., Johnson, G. A., and Young, L. J. 1993. Weed distribution in agricultural fields. Pages 113–124 In Soil Specific Crop Management. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy-Crop Science Society of America-Soil Science Society of America.Google Scholar
Perry, J. N. and Gonzalez-Andujar, J. L. 1993. Dispersal in a metapopulation neighborhood model of an annual plant with a seedbank. J. Ecol. 81:453–463.Google Scholar
Plummer, G. L. and Keever, C. 1963. Autumnal daylight weather and camphor-weed dispersal in the Georgia Piedmont region. Bot. Gaz. 124:283–289.Google Scholar
Pulliam, H. R. 1988. Sources, sinks and population regulation. Am. Nat. 132:652–661.Google Scholar
Pulliam, H. R. 1996. Sources and sinks: empirical evidence and population consequences. Pages 45–69 In Rhodes, O. E. Jr., Chesser, R. K., and Smith, M. H., eds. Population Dynamics in Ecological Space and Time. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Quinn, J. F., Ring, S. R., and Botsford, L. W. 1993. Harvest refugia in marine invertebrate fisheries: models and applications to the red sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus fransciscanus . Am. Zool. 33:537–550.Google Scholar
Rew, L. J. and Cussans, G. W. 1997. Horizontal movement of seeds following tine and plough cultivation: implications for spatial dynamics of weed infestations. Weed Res. 37:247–256.Google Scholar
Rew, L. J., Froud-Williams, R. J., and Boatman, N. D. 1996. Dispersal of Bromus sterilis and Anthriscus sylvestris seed within arable field margins. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 59:107–114.Google Scholar
Schippers, P., Terborg, S. J., Groenendael, J. M., and Habekotte, B. 1993. What makes Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) an invasive species?—A spatial model approach. Pages 495–504 In Brighton Crop Protection Conference—Weeds. Surrey, Great Britain: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Sheldon, J. C. and Burrows, F. M. 1973. The dispersal effectiveness of the achene-pappus units of selected Compositae in steady winds with convection. New Phytol. 72:665–675.Google Scholar
Shigesada, N. and Kawasaki, K. 1997. Biological Invasions: Theory and Practice. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 114–132.Google Scholar
Shmida, A. and Ellner, S. 1984. Coexistence of plant species with similar niches. Vegetatio 58:20–55.Google Scholar
Smith, H. and MacDonald, D. W. 1992. The impacts of mowing and sowing on weed populations and species richness in field margin set-aside. Pages 117–122 In Clarke, J., ed. Set-Aside. Farnham, Surrey, UK: The British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Strykstra, R. J., Pegtel, D. M., and Bergsma, A. 1998. Dispersal distance and achene quality of the rare anemochorous species Arnica montana L.: implications for conservation. Acta Bot. Neerl. 47:45–56.Google Scholar
Theaker, A. J., Boatmen, N. D., and Froud-Williams, R. J. 1995. Variation in Bromus sterilis on farmland: evidence for the origin of field infestations. J. Appl. Ecol. 32:47–55.Google Scholar
Tilman, D., Lehman, C. L., and Kareiva, P. 1997. Population dynamics in spatial habitats. Pages 3–20 In Tilman, D. and Kareiva, P., eds. Spatial Ecology: The Role of Space in Population Dynamics and Interspecific Interactions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Venable, D. L. and Brown, J. S. 1988. The selective interactions of dispersal, dormancy, and seed size as adaptations for reducing risk in variable environments. Am. Nat. 131:360–384.Google Scholar
Wallinga, J. 1995. The role of space in plant population dynamics: annual weeds as an example. Oikos 74:377–383.Google Scholar
Weiner, J. and Conte, P. T. 1981. Dispersal and neighborhood effects in an annual plant competition model. Ecol. Model. 13:131–147.Google Scholar
Wilson, B. J. and Brain, P. 1991. Long term stability of distribution of Alopecurus myosuroides, Huds. Within cereal fields. Weed Res. 31:367–373.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. J. and Aebischer, N. J. 1995. The distribution of dicotoledonous arable weeds in relation to distance from the field edge. J. Appl. Ecol. 32:295–310.Google Scholar