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Weed Interference, Pulse Species, and Plant Density Effects on Rotational Benefits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sheri M. Strydhorst ,
Jane R. King ,
Ken J. Lopetinsky  and
K. Neil Harker
Sheri M. Strydhorst
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5
Jane R. King*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5
Ken J. Lopetinsky
Affiliation:
Alberta Agriculture and Food, Agriculture Research Division, Barrhead, AB, Canada T7N 1A4
K. Neil Harker
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB, Canada, T4L 1W1
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Pulse crop management can increase pulse yields and N fixation, but the effects of previous pulse crop management on subsequent crop performance is poorly understood. Field studies were conducted at three locations, in the Parkland region of Alberta, Canada, between 2004 and 2006. Tannin-free faba bean, narrowleaf lupin, and field pea were planted at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the recommended pulse planting density (PPD), with or without barley as a model weed. Faba bean produced the highest seed yields in higher precipitation environments, whereas pea produced the highest seed yields in lower precipitation environments. Lupin seed yields were consistently low. In the absence of weed interference, faba bean, pea, and lupin N-fixation yields ranged from 70 to 223, 78 to 147, and 46 to 173 kg N ha−1, respectively. On average, faba bean produced the highest N-fixation yield. The absence of weed interference and a high PPD increased pulse seed and N-fixation yields. Quality wheat crops were grown on pulse stubble without additional N fertilizer in some site–years. Management practices that increased N fixation resulted in only marginal subsequent wheat yield increases. Subsequent wheat seed yield was primarily influenced by pulse species. Pea stubble produced 11% higher wheat yields than lupin stubble but only 2% higher wheat yields than faba bean stubble. Consistently high wheat yields on pea stubble may be attributed to synchronized N release from decomposing pea residues with subsequent crop N demand and superior non-N rotational benefits.

Keywords

Barley, Hordeum vulgare L.field pea, Pisum sativum L.narrowleaf lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L.tannin-free faba bean, Vicia faba L.wheat, Triticum aestivum LModel weednitrogen fixation%Ndfapulse crop managementsubsequent crop performance
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 56 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 249 - 258
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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