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Weed Control and Sweet Corn (Zea mays var. rugosa) Response in a No-till System with Cover Crops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Nilda R. Burgos  and
Ronald E. Talbert
Nilda R. Burgos
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Ark., Fayetteville, AR 72701
Ronald E. Talbert
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Ark., Fayetteville, AR 72701
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Abstract

Studies were conducted at the Main Agricultural Experiment Station in Fayetteville and the Vegetable Substation in Kibler, Arkansas, in 1992 and 1993 on the same plots to evaluate weed suppression by winter cover crops alone or in combination with reduced herbicide rates in no-till sweet corn and to evaluate cover crop effects on growth and yield of sweet corn. Plots seeded to rye plus hairy vetch, rye, or wheat had at least 50% fewer early season weeds than hairy vetch alone or no cover crop. None of the cover crops reduced population of yellow nutsedge. Without herbicides, hairy vetch did not suppress weeds 8 wk after cover crop desiccation. Half rates of atrazine and metolachlor (1.1 + 1.1 kg ai ha−1) reduced total weed density more effectively in no cover crop than in hairy vetch. Half rates of atrazine and metolachlor controlled redroot pigweed, Palmer amaranth, and goosegrass regardless of cover crop. Full rates of atrazine and metolachlor (2.2 + 2.2 kg ai ha−1) were needed to control large crabgrass in hairy vetch. Control of yellow nutsedge in hairy vetch was marginal even with full herbicide rates. Yellow nutsedge population increased and control with herbicides declined the second year, particularly with half rates of atrazine and metolachlor. All cover crops except hairy vetch alone reduced emergence, height, and yield of sweet corn. Sweet corn yields from half rates of atrazine and metolachlor equalled the full rates regardless of cover crops.

Keywords

Atrazine, 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diaminemetolachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamideyellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) ♯ CYPESredroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) ♯ AMARElarge crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop.) ♯ DIGSAgoosegrass (Eleusine indica L. Gaertn.) ♯ ELEINPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats) ♯ AMAPAsweet corn, (Zea mays var. rugosa Bonaf.)rye (Secale cereale L.)wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.)Allelopathyconservation tillagereduced herbicide ratesAMAPAAMARECYPESDIGSAELEIN
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 44 , Issue 2 , June 1996 , pp. 355 - 361
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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