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Two-tier witchweed (Striga hermonthica) resistance in wild pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) 29Aw

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2021

Olivier Dayou Open the ORCID record for Olivier Dayou [Opens in a new window] ,
Willy Kibet Open the ORCID record for Willy Kibet [Opens in a new window] ,
Patroba Ojola Open the ORCID record for Patroba Ojola [Opens in a new window] ,
Prakash Irappa Gangashetty Open the ORCID record for Prakash Irappa Gangashetty [Opens in a new window] ,
Susann Wicke Open the ORCID record for Susann Wicke [Opens in a new window]  and
Steven Runo Open the ORCID record for Steven Runo [Opens in a new window]
Olivier Dayou
Affiliation:
Master’s Student, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
Willy Kibet
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
Patroba Ojola
Affiliation:
Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
Prakash Irappa Gangashetty
Affiliation:
Scientist, Pearl Millet Breeding International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Niamey, Niger
Susann Wicke
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Plant Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; current: Full Professor, Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, Institute for Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Steven Runo*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
*
Author for correspondence: Steven Runo, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, 00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

The parasitic plant purple witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth.] poses a serious threat to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa. Under natural infestation, the wild pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] line 29Aw demonstrates resistance against the parasite, but the mechanism of its resistance is unknown. Striga resistance can be due to: (1) low induction of Striga germination (pre-attachment resistance) or (2) inhibition of parasite attachment and development (post-attachment resistance). Germination bioassays and root chamber (rhizotron) resistance-screening assays were used to determine the extent of pre- and post-attachment Striga resistance in 29Aw compared with the Striga-susceptible ‘SOSAT-C88-P10’ variety. Regarding pre-attachment resistance, 29Aw stimulated 10-fold less Striga seed germination at a maximum germination distance of 7.96 ± 2.75 mm from the host root compared with 35.94 ± 2.88 mm in SOSAT-C88-P10. Post-attachment resistance revealed 10- to 19-fold fewer and 2.5-fold shorter Striga seedlings with 28-fold less biomass growing on 29Aw compared with SOSAT-C88-P10. Microscopic analysis showed that Striga penetration in 29Aw was blocked at the endodermal and cortical levels. Post-attachment resistance in 29Aw was further supported by fewer (22%) Striga–host vascular connections in 29Aw compared with 79% in SOSAT-C88-P10. Together, these findings demonstrate that 29Aw harbors both pre- and post-attachment resistance mechanisms against S. hermonthica.

Keywords

Striga post-attachment resistanceStriga pre-attachment resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 69 , Issue 3 , May 2021 , pp. 300 - 306
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Bhagirath Chauhan, The University of Queensland

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