Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T16:32:17.791Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tolerance of Elevated Ozone and Water Stress in a California Population of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Rama Paudel ,
David A. Grantz ,
Hai-Bang Vu  and
Anil Shrestha
Rama Paudel
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, California State University, 2415 East San Ramon Avenue, Fresno, CA 93740
David A. Grantz
Affiliation:
University of California at Riverside, 9240 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648
Hai-Bang Vu
Affiliation:
University of California at Riverside, 9240 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648
Anil Shrestha*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, California State University, 2415 East San Ramon Avenue, Fresno, CA 93740
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Palmer amaranth is a highly invasive weed species causing huge economic losses in agricultural cropping systems under a broad range of environmental conditions. Sensitivity of this species to ozone (O3) air pollution and to soil water deficit, relative to native species or competing crops, may affect its competitiveness and invasive potential. In recent years, both high tropospheric O3 and soil water deficiency have become common in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Responses to these environmental parameters may help predict the invasiveness of this species and have implications for landscape hydrology. We assessed the impact of O3 and soil water deficit on Palmer amaranth. Five- to seven-leaf–stage potted plants were placed in continuous stirred tank reactor chambers and maintained for 30 to 35 d under 12-h mean daylight O3 exposures (0700–1900 hours) of 4, 59, or 114 ppb O3. Within the chambers the plants were either well-watered (WW) or exposed to regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and grown for about 7 wk. Dry weights of the leaves, stems, roots, and leaf area were determined. Day- and nighttime stomatal conductances (gs) were measured at 1.5-h intervals. Nocturnal gs was about 16 to 29% of daytime gs; this suggests that the species could have substantial nighttime water loss, uncoupled from carbon gain in the weed, and could affect water availability for crops and reduce irrigation efficiency. Nocturnal gs was lower in the RDI than in the WW, but daytime gs was not affected by O3 or irrigation regime. Neither O3 nor irrigation regime affected root or shoot parameters. As O3 and drought are two key stressors in the San Joaquin Valley, to which potential competing species have been found to be sensitive, Palmer amaranth may proliferate and become more invasive in the future, potentially altering landscape hydrology and reducing irrigation efficiency.

Keywords

Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. WatsAir pollutionclimate changeherbicide resistanceregulated deficit irrigationSan Joaquin Valleystomatal conductance
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 276 - 284
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan, Texas A&M.

References

Literature Cited

Auchincloss, L, Easlon, HM, Levine, D, Donovan, L, Richards, JH (2014) Pre-dawn stomatal opening does not substantially enhance early-morning photosynthesis in Helianthus annuus . Plant Cell Environ 37:1364–1370 Google Scholar
Avnery, S, Mauzerall, DL, Liu, J, Horowitz, LW (2011a) Global crop yield reductions due to surface ozone exposure: 1. Year 2000 crop production losses and economic damage. Atmos Environ 45:2284–2296 Google Scholar
Avnery, S, Mauzerall, DL, Liu, J, Horowitz, LW (2011b) Global crop yield reductions due to surface ozone exposure: 2. Year 2030 potential crop production losses and economic damage under two scenarios of O3 pollution. Atmos Environ 45:2297–2309 Google Scholar
Bensch, CN, Horak, MJ, Peterson, D (2003) Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth (A. palmeri), and common waterhemp (A. rudis) in soybean. Weed Sci 51:37–43 Google Scholar
Black, CC Jr., Chen, TM, Brown, RH (1969) Biochemical basis for plant competition. Weed Sci 17:338–344 Google Scholar
Buckley, TN (2005) The control of stomata by water balance. New Phytol 168:275–292 Google Scholar
Caird, MA, Richards, JH, Donovan, LA (2007) Nighttime stomatal conductance and transpiration in C3 and C4 plants. Plant Physiol 143:4–10 Google Scholar
Chandi, A, Jordan, DL, York, AC, Burton, J, Milla-Lewis, SR, Spears, J, Whitaker, JR, Wells, R (2013) Response of herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions to drought stress. Int J Agron. DOI: 10.1155/2013/823913Google Scholar
Costello, MJ, Patterson, WK (2012) Regulated deficit irrigation effect on yield and wine color of cabernet sauvignon in Central California. HortScience 47:1520–1524 Google Scholar
Culpepper, AS, Grey, TL, Vencill, WK, Kichler, JM, Webster, TM, Brown, SM, York, AC, Davis, JW, Hanna, WW (2006) Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) confirmed in Georgia. Weed Sci 54:620–626 Google Scholar
Davison, AW, Barnes, JD (1998) Effects of ozone on wild plants. New Phytol 139:135–151 Google Scholar
[EPA] Environmental Protection Agency (2015) Air Trends. http://www3.epa.gov/airtrends/ozone.html. Accessed October 30, 2015Google Scholar
Feng, Z, Kobayashi, K (2009) Assessing the impacts of current and future concentrations of surface ozone on crop yield with meta-analysis. Atmos Environ 43:1510–1519 Google Scholar
Fereres, E, Soriano, MA (2007) Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use. J Exp Bot 58:147–159 Google Scholar
Fuhrer, J (2003) Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone, and global climate change. Agric Ecosyst Environ 97:1–20 Google Scholar
Goumenaki, E, Taybi, T, Borland, A, Barnes, J (2010) Mechanisms underlying the impacts of ozone on photosynthetic performance. Environ Exp Bot 69:259–266 Google Scholar
Grantz, D, Gunn, S, Vu, H (2006) O3 impacts on plant development: a meta-analysis of root/shoot allocation and growth. Plant Cell Environ 29:1193–1209 Google Scholar
Grantz, DA, Paudel, R, Vu, HB, Shrestha, A, Grulke, N (2016) Diel trends in stomatal response to ozone and water deficit: a unique relationship of midday values to growth and allometry in Pima cotton? Plant Biol 18 (Suppl 1):37–46 Google Scholar
Grantz, DA, Shrestha, A (2006) Tropospheric ozone and interspecific competition between yellow nutsedge and pima cotton. Crop Sci 46:1879–1889.Google Scholar
Grantz, DA, Shrestha, A, Vu, H (2008) Early vigor and ozone response in horseweed (Conyza canadensis) biotypes differing in glyphosate resistance. Weed Sci 56:224–230 Google Scholar
Grantz, DA, Shrestha, A, Vu, H (2010) Ozone impacts on assimilation and allocation to reproductive sinks in the vegetatively propagated C4 weed, yellow nutsedge. Crop Sci 50:246–252 Google Scholar
Grantz, DA, Vu, HB (2009) O3 Sensitivity in a potential C4 bioenergy crop: sugarcane in California. Crop Sci 49:643–650 Google Scholar
Grulke, N, Alonso, R, Nguyen, T, Cascio, C, Dobrowolski, W (2004) Stomata open at night in pole-sized and mature ponderosa pine: implications for O3 exposure metrics. Tree Physiol 24:1001–1010 Google Scholar
Heagle, AS (1989) Ozone and crop yield. Annu Rev Phytopathol 27:397–423 Google Scholar
Heap, I (2015) International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. http://www.weedscience.org. Accessed August 24, 2015Google Scholar
Heck, WW (1989) Assessment of crop losses from air pollutants in the United States. Pages 316–342 in MacKenzie, JJ, El-Ashry, MT, eds. Air Pollution's Toll on Forests and Crops. New Haven, CT Yale University Press Google Scholar
Heck, WW, Philbeck, RB, Denning, JA (1978) A Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) System for Exposing Plants to Gaseous Air Pollutants. Publ. No. ARS-5 181. Washington, DC United States Department of Agriculture Google Scholar
Heggestad, H, Anderson, E, Gish, T, Lee, E (1988) Effects of ozone and soil water deficit on roots and shoots of field-grown soybeans. Environ Pollut 50:259–278 Google Scholar
Horak, MJ, Peterson, DE (1995) Biotypes of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) are resistant to imazethapyr and thifensulfuron. Weed Technol 9:192–195 Google Scholar
Iyer, NJ, Tang, Y, Mahalingam, R (2012) Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to a combination of drought and ozone in Medicago truncatula . Plant Cell Environ 36:706–720 Google Scholar
Jha, P, Norsworthy, JK, Riley, MB, Bielenberg, DG, Bridges, W Jr. (2008) Acclimation of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to shading. Weed Sci 56:729–734 Google Scholar
Kriedemann, PE, Goodwin, I (2003) Regulated deficit irrigation and partial root zone drying: an overview of principles and applications. Canberra, Australia Land & Water Australia. 101pGoogle Scholar
Leisner, CP, Ainsworth, EA (2011) Quantifying the effects of ozone on plant reproductive growth and development. Global Change Biol 18:606–616 Google Scholar
Liu, F, Stützel, H (2002) Leaf expansion, stomatal conductance, and transpiration of vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) in response to soil drying. J Am Soc Hort Sci 127:878–883 Google Scholar
Lobell, DB, Gourdji, SM (2012) The influence of climate change on global crop productivity. Plant Physiol 160:1686–1697 Google Scholar
Massinga, RA, Currie, RS, Horak, MJ, Boyer, J Jr. (2001) Interference of Palmer amaranth in corn. Weed Sci 49:202–208 Google Scholar
Matyssek, R, Gunthardt-Goerg, MS, Maurer, S, Keller, T (1995) Nighttime exposure to ozone reduces whole-plant production in Betula pendula . Tree Physiol 15:159–165 Google Scholar
McLaughlin, S, McConathy, R, Duvick, D, Mann, L (1982) Effects of chronic air pollution stress on photosynthesis, carbon allocation, and growth of white pine trees. For Sci 28:60–70 Google Scholar
McLaughlin, SB, Wullschleger, SD, Sun, G, Nosal, M (2007) Interactive effects of ozone and climate on water use, soil moisture content and stream flow in a southern Appalachian forest in the USA. New Phytol 174:125–136 Google Scholar
Miller, JE (1988) Effects on photosynthesis, carbon allocation, and plant growth associated with air pollutant stress. Pages 287–314 in Heck, WW, Taylor, OC, Tingey, DT, eds. Assessment of Crop Loss from Air Pollutants. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Musselman, RC, Minnick, TJ (2000) Nocturnal stomatal conductance and ambient air quality standards for ozone. Atmos Environ 34:719–733 Google Scholar
Nordby, DE, Hartzler, RG (2004) Influence of corn on common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) growth and fecundity. Weed Sci 52:255–259 Google Scholar
Paudel, R (2015) Effects of ozone and water deficit on stomatal kinetics, diel trends on stomatal conductance, growth and allometry in crops and weeds. . Fresno, CA California State University. 100 pGoogle Scholar
Pell, EJ, Schlagnhaufer, CD, Arteca, RN (1997) Ozone-induced oxidative stress: mechanisms of action and reaction. Physiol Plant 100:264–273 Google Scholar
Pimentel, D (2005) Environmental impact and economic costs of the application of pesticides primarily in the United States. Environ Dev Sust 7:229–252 Google Scholar
Price, AJ, Balkcom, KS, Culpepper, SA, Kelton, JA, Nichols, RL, Schomberg, H (2011) Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth: a threat to conservation tillage. J Soil Water Conserv 66:265–275 Google Scholar
Rios, SI, Wright, SD, Shrestha, A (2014) Screening for glyphosate-resistance in Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) populations of California's San Joaquin Valley. in Proceedings of the Weed Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America Google Scholar
Rowland, MW, Murray, DS, Verhalen, LM (1999) Full-season Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum ). Weed Sci 47:305–309 Google Scholar
Rudorff, BFT, Mulchi, CL, Lee, EH, Rowland, R, Pausch, R (1996) Effects of enhanced O3 and CO2 enrichment on plant characteristics in wheat and corn. Environ Poll 24:53–60 Google Scholar
Ruzsa, S, Mylona, P, Scandalios, JG (1999) Differential response of antioxidant genes in maize leaves exposed to ozone. Redox Report 4:95–103 Google Scholar
Sarkar, A, Rakwal, R, Agrawal, SB, Shibato, J, Ogawa, Y, Yoshida, Y, Agrawal, GK, Agrawal, M (2010) Investigating the impact of elevated levels of ozone on tropical wheat using integrated phenotypical, physiological, biochemical, and proteomics approaches. J Proteome Res 9:4565–4584 Google Scholar
Shrestha, A, Grantz, D (2005) Ozone impacts on competition between tomato and yellow nutsedge. Crop Sci 45:1587–1595 Google Scholar
Sosnoskie, LM, Culpepper, AS (2014) Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) increases herbicide use, tillage, and hand weeding in Georgia cotton. Weed Sci 62:393–402 Google Scholar
Stewart, WC, Fulton, A, Krueger, WH, Lampinen, BD, Shackel, KA (2011) Regulated deficit irrigation reduces water use of almonds without affecting yield. Calif Agric 65:90–95 Google Scholar
Temple, PJ (1986) Stomatal conductance and transpirational responses of field-grown cotton to ozone. Plant Cell Environ 9:315–321 Google Scholar
Temple, PJ (1990a) Growth form and yield responses of four cotton cultivars to ozone. Agron J 82:1045–1050 Google Scholar
Temple, PJ (1990b) Water relations of differentially irrigated cotton exposed to ozone. Agron J 82:800–805 Google Scholar
Ward, SM, Webster, TM, Steckel, LE (2013) Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri): a review. Weed Sci 27:12–27 Google Scholar
Webster, TM, Grey, TL (2015) Glyphosate-resistant palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) morphology, growth, and seed production in Georgia. Weed Sci 63:264–272 Google Scholar
Wilkinson, S, Mills, G, Illidge, R, Davies, WJ (2012) How is ozone pollution reducing our food supply? J Exp Bot 63:527–536 Google Scholar