Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T06:30:30.812Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Spring wheat seed size and seeding rate affect wild oat demographics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Qingwu Xue  and
Robert N. Stougaard
Qingwu Xue
Affiliation:
Montana State University, Northwestern Agricultural Research Center, 4570 MT 35, Kalispell, MT 59901
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Wild oat continues to reduce spring wheat yields and profits despite the wide spread use of herbicides. Further reductions in the occurrence of wild oat could be achieved with the development of competitive cropping systems. Field studies were conducted to investigate the effects of wheat seed size and seeding rate on wild oat demographic processes under a range of wild oat densities. Spring wheat competitiveness increased as seed size and seeding rate increased, significantly reducing wild oat biomass and seed production. Averaged across all other factors, spring wheat plants derived from large seed reduced wild oat panicle numbers 15% and biomass and seed production 25% compared with small seed. Increasing spring wheat seeding rate from 175 to 280 plants m−2 reduced the number of panicles 10% and wild oat biomass and seed production 20%. The combined effect of large seed plus increased seeding rate reduced wild oat biomass and seed production 45%. Results demonstrate that the use of large seed size and increased seeding rates can improve wheat competitiveness and provide an effective means to reduce wild oat biomass and seed production.

Keywords

Wild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFAspring wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘McNeal’Competitivenessvigor
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 50 , Issue 3 , June 2002 , pp. 312 - 320
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Barton, D. L., Thill, D. C., and Shafii, B. 1992. Integrated wild oat (Avena fatua) management affects spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) yield and economics. Weed Technol. 6:129–135.Google Scholar
Bussan, A. J., Boerboom, C. M., and Stoltenberg, D. E. 2000. Responses of Setaria faberi demographic processes to herbicide rates. Weed Sci. 48:445–453.Google Scholar
Carlson, H. L. and Hill, J. E. 1985. Wild oat (Avena fatua) competition with spring wheat: plant density effects. Weed Sci. 33:176–181.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. 1985. A simple model relating yield loss to weed density. Ann. Appl. Biol. 107:239–252.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. D., Johnson, M. P., Weaver, S. E., Martin, T. D., and Blair, A. M. 1992. Comparative rates of emergence and leaf appearance in wild oats (Avena fatua), winter barley (Hordeum sativum) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). J. Agric. Sci. Cambridge 118:149–156.Google Scholar
Cudney, D. W., Jordan, L. S., Holt, J. S., and Reints, J. S. 1989. Competitive interactions of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wild oats (Avena fatua) grown at different densities. Weed Sci. 37:538–543.Google Scholar
Evans, R. M., Thill, D. C., Tapia, L., Shafii, B., and Lish, J. M. 1991. Wild oat (Avena fatua) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) density affect spring barley yield. Weed Technol. 5:33–39.Google Scholar
Florez, J. A., Fischer, A. J., Ramirez, H., and Duque, M. C. 1999. Predicting rice yield losses caused by multispecies weed competition. Agron. J. 91:87–92.Google Scholar
Grieve, C. M. and Francois, L. E. 1992. The importance of initial seed size in wheat plant response to salinity. Plant and Soil 147:197–205.Google Scholar
Gonzalez-Andujar, J. L. and Fernandez-Quintanilla, C. 1991. Modelling the population dynamics of Avena sterilis under dry-land cereal cropping systems. J. Appl. Ecol. 28:16–27.Google Scholar
Kirkland, K. L. 1993. Weed management in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) in the absence of herbicides. J. Sustain. Agric. 3:95–104.Google Scholar
Lafond, G. P. and Baker, R. J. 1986. Effects of genotype and seed size on speed of emergence and seedling vigor in nine spring wheat cultivars. Crop Sci. 26:341–346.Google Scholar
Lemerle, D., Verbeek, B., Cousens, R. D., and Coombes, N. E. 1996. The potential for selecting wheat varieties strongly competitive against weeds. Weed Res. 36:505–513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindquist, J. L., Maxwell, B. D., Buhler, D. D., and Gunsolus, J. L. 1995. Modeling the population dynamics of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) control in corn (Zea mays)-soybean (Glycine max) rotation. Weed Sci. 43:269–275.Google Scholar
Lindquist, J. L., Mortensen, D. A., Clay, S. A., Schmenk, R., Kells, J. J., Howatt, K., and Westra, P. 1996. Stability of corn (Zea mays)-velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) interference relationships. Weed Sci. 44:309–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lotz, L. A. P., Christensen, S., Cloutier, D. et al. 1996. Prediction of the competitive effects of weeds on crop yields based on the relative leaf area of weeds. Weed Res. 36:93–101.Google Scholar
Maxwell, B. D., Stougaard, R., and Davis, E. 1994. Bioeconomic model for optimizing wild oat management in barley. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 47:74–76.Google Scholar
Ni, H., Moody, K., Robles, R. P., Paller, E. C. Jr., and Lales, J. S. 2000. Oryza sativa plant traits conferring competitive ability against weeds. Weed Sci. 48:200–204.Google Scholar
O’Donovan, J. T., Newman, J. C., Harker, K. N., Blackshaw, R. E., and McAndrew, D. W. 1999. Effect of barley plant density on wild oat interference, shoot biomass and seed yield under zero tillage. Can. J. Plant Sci. 79:655–662.Google Scholar
Peterson, C. M., Klepper, B., and Rickman, R. W. 1989. Seed reserves and seedling development in winter wheat. Agron. J. 81:245–251.Google Scholar
SAS Institute, Inc. 1999. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Version 7-1. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Scursoni, J., Benech-Arnold, R., and Hirchoren, H. 1999. Demography of wild oat in barley crops: effect of crop, sowing rate, and herbicide treatment. Agron. J. 91:478–485.Google Scholar
Seavers, G. P. and Wright, K. J. 1999. Crop canopy development and structure influence weed suppression. Weed Res. 39:319–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar