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Solar Heating of the Soil: Involvement of Environmental Factors in the Weed Control Process

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Baruch Rubin  and
Abraham Benjamin
Baruch Rubin
Affiliation:
Dep. Field and Veg. Crops, Faculty of Agric., The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Abraham Benjamin
Affiliation:
Dep. Field and Veg. Crops, Faculty of Agric., The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Abstract

Solar heating (SH) of wet soil by mulching it with transparent polyethylene (PE) during the hot season increased soil temperature in a typical daily course which varied with soil depth. Annual weed species responded to soil heating in the laboratory with the same pattern as under SH conditions in the field. Rhizomes of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. ♯3 CYNDA) and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense L. Pers. ♯ SORHA) were very sensitive to heat treatment, but purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L. ♯ CYPRO) tubers were able to survive temperatures as high as 80 C for 30 min. Species having big and heavy seeds or vegetative propagules were able to emerge from deep layers of soil, thus practically escaping the lethal temperature prevailing in the upper layer. Transparent and black PE mulching effectively prevented water loss from soil, as compared with perforated PE and nonmulched control. CO2 concentration in the soil atmosphere under transparent PE mulching increased rapidly during the first week and reached a maximal level which was 20-fold higher than that formed in nonmulched soil. Ethylene at 0.2 ppm was detected only in a mulched soil environment. No differences in levels of CH4 or CO were detected.

Keywords

Solarizationsoil atmospherevolatilesweed emergencehigh temperatureCYNDASORHACYPRO
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , January 1984 , pp. 138 - 142
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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