Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T17:38:10.880Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Simulated insect defoliation and duration of weed interference affected soybean growth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Travis C. Gustafson ,
Stevan Z. Knezevic ,
Thomas E. Hunt  and
John L. Lindquist
Travis C. Gustafson
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Thomas E. Hunt
Affiliation:
Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, University of Nebraska, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728-2828
John L. Lindquist
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An improved understanding of crop stress from multiple pests is needed for better implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Field studies were conducted in 2003 and 2004 at two locations in eastern Nebraska to describe the effects of simulated early-season insect defoliation of soybean and duration of weed interference on soybean growth. Three levels of simulated defoliation (undefoliated, 30, and 60%) and seven durations of weed interference (weedy and weed free; weed removal at V2, V4, V6, R3, and R5) were evaluated in a split-plot design. Defoliation significantly reduced soybean leaf-area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), and crop height in season-long weedy treatments only. Biomass partitioning during vegetative and reproductive growth was affected by both defoliation and weed interference. Increase in soybean relative growth rate (RGR) and biomass production soon after defoliation occurred (e.g., V5 stage) indicated potential defense mechanism by which soybean is able to adjust its physiology in response to the loss of leaf area. Weed interference combined with defoliation caused the greatest yield losses up to 97%. Results from this study indicate the need for monitoring early-season insect density and weed growth to determine if simultaneous control of both pests may be needed.

Keywords

Soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrCritical time for weed removalintegrated pest managementgrowth analysismultiple pestspest complex
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 735 - 742
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous. 2004. Historical Track Records. Washington, D.C.: National Agricultural Statistics Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 215 p.Google Scholar
Board, J. E. and Harville, B. G. 1992. Explanations for greater light interception in narrow- vs. wide-row soybean. Crop Sci 32:198–202.Google Scholar
Board, J. E., Wier, A. T., and Boethel, D. J. 1997. Critical light interception during seed filling for insecticide application and optimum soybean grain yield. Agron. J 89:369–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, S. P., Knezevic, S. Z., Lindquist, J. L., and Shapiro, C. A. 2003. Influence of nitrogen and duration of weed interference on corn growth and development. Weed Sci 51:546–556.Google Scholar
Fehr, W. R. and Caviness, C. E. 1977. Stages of Soybean Development. Ames: Iowa State University Cooperative Extension Service Special Rep. 80.Google Scholar
Hammond, R. B. 1989. Effects of leaf removal at growth V1 on yield and other growth parameters. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc 62:96–102.Google Scholar
Higley, L. G. 1992. New understandings of soybean defoliation and their implication for pest management. Pages 56–65 in Copping, L. G. et al. eds. Pest Management in Soybean. London: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Hunt, R. 1982. Plant Growth Curves: The Functional Approach to Growth Analysis. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 51–54, 128–135.Google Scholar
Hunt, R. 1990. Basic Growth Analysis: Plant Growth Analysis for Beginners. London: Unwin Hyman, pp. 35–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunt, T. E., Higley, L. G., and Witkowski, J. F. 1994. Soybean growth and yield after simulated bean leaf beetle injury to seedlings. Agron. J 86:140–146.Google Scholar
Hunt, T. E., Higley, L. G., and Witkowski, J. F. 1995. Bean leaf beetle injury to seedling soybean: consumption, effects of leaf expansion, and economic injury levels. Agron. J 87:183–188.Google Scholar
Kene, H. K. and Charjan, Y. D. 1999. Effect of defoliation on growth and yield of soybean. PKV Res. J 23:45–47.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Evans, S. P., and Mainz, M. 2003a. Row spacing influences the critical timing for weed removal in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol 17:666–673.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Evans, S. P., Blankenship, E. E., Van Acker, R. C., and Lindquist, J. L. 2002. Critical period for weed control: the concept and data analysis. Weed Sci 50:773–786.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Evans, S. P., and Mainz, M. 2003b. Yield penalty due to delayed weed control in corn and soybean [on-line]. Crop Manage. DOI:10.1094/CM-2003-0219-01-RS.Google Scholar
Littell, R. C., Milliken, G. A., Stroup, W. W., and Wolfinger, R. D. 1996. SAS® System for Mixed Models. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 633 p.Google Scholar
Martin, S. G., Van Acker, R. C., and Friesen, L. F. 2001. Critical period of weed control in spring canola. Weed Sci 49:326–333.Google Scholar
Shibles, R. M. and Weber, C. R. 1965. Leaf area, solar radiation interception and dry matter production by soybeans. Crop Sci 5:575–577.Google Scholar
Smelser, B. R. and Pedigo, L. P. 1991. Phenology of Cerotoma trifurcata on soybean and alfalfa in central Iowa. Env. Entomol 20:514–519.Google Scholar
Stern, V. M., Smith, R. F., van den Bosch, R., and Hagen, K. S. 1959. The integrated control concept. Hilgardia 29:81–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talekar, N. S. and Lee, H. R. 1988. Response of soybean to foliage loss in Taiwan. J. Econ. Entomol 81:1363–1368.Google Scholar
Weber, C. R. 1955. Effects of defoliation and topping simulating hail injury to soybeans. Agron. J 47:262–266.Google Scholar
Weber, C. R. and Caldwell, B. E. 1966. Effects of defoliation and stem bruising on soybeans. Crop Sci 6:25–27.Google Scholar
Westgate, M. E. 1999. Managing soybean for photosynthetic efficiency. Pages 223–228 in Proceedings, World Soybean Research Conference VI. August 4–7, 1999, Chicago, IL.Google Scholar