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Seed Germination Ecophysiology of Meadow Salsify (Tragopogon pratensis) and Western Salsify (T. dubius)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Meiqin Qi  and
Mahesh K. Upadhyaya
Meiqin Qi
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Mahesh K. Upadhyaya
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Abstract

To understand persistence strategies of meadow and western salsify, ecophysiological characteristics of their seed germination were studied. Anaerobiosis (immersion in deoxygenated water) induced secondary dormancy in seeds of both species. Dormancy could be induced in 86% of meadow salsify seeds and in 65% of western salsify seeds by a 1-d anaerobiosis treatment. The induced dormancy was gradually released during storage of air-dried secondary dormant meadow salsify seeds, and the rate of this release was influenced by storage temperature; 30 C was more effective than 10 or 20 C in releasing secondary dormancy. These results suggest that the two species may rely on induced dormancy as an option in their persistence strategy. The optimum temperature for germination of nondormant seeds of both species was 15 C. Maximum germination percentages for both species were established within 4 to 6 d of incubation at 15 C and within 14 to 28 d of incubation at 25 C. Nondormant seeds did not germinate below 10 or above 30 C. Stratification (at 5 C for 2 to 10 wk) stimulated germination of secondary dormant seeds of meadow salsify. This stratification requirement can be important in preventing germination of dormant salsify seeds in the fall, thereby avoiding high seedling mortality in the winter. Light (red and far-red) had no effect on germination of seeds in secondary dormancy. In a separate study, seeds of both species were planted in pots at depths of 2 to 14 cm and seedling emergence was observed. Maximum emergence occurred when seeds were buried 2 cm deep. Seeds planted 8 cm or deeper germinated but did not emerge.

Keywords

Meadow salsify (meadow goat's-beard in Canada)Tragopogon pratensis L. #3 TROPR and western salsify (goat's-beard in Canada)Tragopogon dubius Scop. #TRODMSecondary dormancyseedbanktemperatureTRODMTROPR
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 41 , Issue 3 , September 1993 , pp. 362 - 368
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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