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Rapid photosynthetic and physiological response of 2,4-D–resistant Sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis) to 2,4-D as a survival strategy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2022

Jéssica F. L. Leal
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Amanda dos S. Souza
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Junior Borella
Affiliation:
Professor, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Rio Grande–FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
André Lucas S. Araujo
Affiliation:
Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Ana Claudia Langaro
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Monique M. Alves
Affiliation:
Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Luana Jéssica S. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Sarah Morran
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Luiz H. S. Zobiole
Affiliation:
Field Scientist, Corteva Agriscience, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Felipe R. Lucio
Affiliation:
Field Scientist, Corteva Agriscience, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Aroldo F. L. Machado
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Todd A. Gaines
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Camila F. de Pinho*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Camila F. de Pinho, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, BR-465 KM 7 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

In this work, we evaluated the short time-induced oxidative stress–mediated rapid metabolic and physiological responses of resistant and susceptible Sumatran fleabane [Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E. Walker; syn.: Erigeron sumatrensis Retz.] to 2,4-D herbicide. Under fixed conditions (25 C and 65 ± 5% relative humidity), we assayed injury symptoms, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and antioxidative systems of biotypes both resistant and susceptible to 2,4-D (1,005 g ae ha−1). Under 15 versus 25 C temperatures and light and dark conditions, oxidative stress–mediated damage was assayed on plants that received 2,4-D herbicide applications. The injury symptoms observed in the 2,4-D–resistant biotype were rapid necrosis in leaves within 30 min, with the reestablishment of normal growth within 1 to 2 wk after 2,4-D treatment. The basal antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were greater in the resistant than in the susceptible biotype, although the activities of all enzymes generally did not differ between untreated and treated in the resistant biotype. The resistant biotype showed great reduction (at 1 and 4 h after application) in the photosynthetic electron transport chain performance index, while these metabolic changes were only detected after 4 h in the susceptible biotype. The resistant biotype recovered from the foliar damage 1 to 2 wk after 2,4-D application, while the susceptible biotype was controlled. The production of H2O2 was responsive to temperature and increased more rapidly in the 2,4-D–resistant biotype than in the susceptible one at both 15 and 25 C; however, there was a greater increase at 25 C in the resistant biotype. H2O2 production was not light dependent in 2,4-D–resistant C. sumatrensis, with increases even under dark conditions. The 2,4-D–resistant biotype showed rapid photosynthetic damage, possibly due to the rapid necrosis and leaf disruption, and increased H2O2 content compared with the susceptible biotype.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Dean Riechers, University of Illinois

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