Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T08:14:54.173Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Planting-Site Preparation with Herbicides to Aid Conifer Reforestation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Edward J. Dimock II ,
Thomas F. Beebe  and
Ernest B. Collard
Edward J. Dimock II
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., For. Serv., Pacific Northwest For. Range Exp. Stn., Forestry Sci. Lab., 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331
Thomas F. Beebe
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., For. Serv., Wenatchee Natl. For., Box 811, Wenatchee, WA 98801
Ernest B. Collard
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., For. Serv., Wallowa-Whitman Natl. For., Box 907, Baker, OR 97814
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Seven herbicides and two herbicide combinations were applied once either preplant or postplant to control perennial grasses and forbs as planting-site preparation for 2-yr-old seedlings of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) and Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco] at locations in Washington and Oregon. Hexazinone [3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H, 3H)-dione] applied at 2.2 kg/ha provided most effective and lasting herbaceous weed control in both states. A combination of dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid) and atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] applied at 9.0 + 4.5 kg/ha also proved similarly effective. In Washington, each conifer species responded with exponential growth increases over a 6-yr period. For ponderosa pine and Douglas fir, respectively, hexazinone treatment increased tree height by 58 and 70%, stem diameter by 70 and 69%, and stem-volume yield by 387 and 650% as compared to untreated checks. Corresponding gains for the two conifers associated with dalapon + atrazine were 73 and 54% in height, 63 and 46% in diameter, and 421 and 349% in yield.

Keywords

Pinus ponderosaPseudotsuga menziesiiatrazinedalaponhexazinone
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 31 , Issue 2 , March 1983 , pp. 215 - 221
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Carmer, S. G. and Swanson, M. R. 1971. Detection of differerences between means: a Monte Carlo study of five pairwise multiple comparison procedures. Agron. J. 63:940–945.Google Scholar
2. Carmer, S. G. and Walker, W. M. 1982. Baby bear's dilemma: a statistical tale. Agron. J. 74:122–124.Google Scholar
3. Christensen, M. D., Young, J. A., and Evans, R. A. 1974. Control of annual grasses and revegetation in ponderosa pine woodland. J. Range Manage. 27:143–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Crouch, G. L. 1979. Atrazine improves survival and growth of ponderosa pine threatened by vegetative competition and pocket gophers. For. Sci. 25:99–111.Google Scholar
5. Dimock, E. J. II. 1981. Herbicide and conifer options for reforesting upper slopes in the Cascade Range. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Res. Pap. PNW-292, 14.Google Scholar
6. Dimock, E. J. II and Collard, E. B. 1981. Postplanting sprays of dalapon and atrazine to aid conifer establishment. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Res. Paper PNW-280, 16.Google Scholar
7. Eckert, R. E. Jr. 1979. Establishment of pine (Pinus spp.) transplants in perennial grass stands with atrazine. Weed Sci. 27:253–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Franklin, J. F. and Dyrness, C. T. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8, 417.Google Scholar
9. Gratkowski, H. 1976. Herbicides for grass and forb control in Douglas-fir plantations. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Res. Note PNW-285, 7.Google Scholar
10. Gratkowski, H., Jaszkowski, R., and Armstrong, L. 1979. Survival of Douglas-fir seedlings sprayed with atrazine, terbacil, and 2,4-D. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Res. Paper PNW-256, 8.Google Scholar
11. Heidmann, L. J. 1969. Use of herbicides for planting site preparations in the Southwest. J. For. 67:506–509.Google Scholar
12. Newton, M. 1974. Mixing herbicides for optimum weed control in Pacific Northwest conifers. Ind. Veg. Manage. 6(3):15–18.Google Scholar
13. Newton, M. and Overton, W. S. 1973. Direct and indirect effects of atrazine, 2,4-D, and dalapon mixtures on conifers. Weed Sci. 21:269–275.Google Scholar
14. Preest, D. S. 1977. Long-term growth response of Douglas fir to weed control. N. Z. J. For. Sci. 7:329–332.Google Scholar
15. Stewart, R. E. and Beebe, T. F. 1974. Survival of ponderosa pine seedlings following control of competing grasses. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 27:55–58.Google Scholar