Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T06:26:08.971Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Parental Stress and Prechilling Effects on Pennsylvania Smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum) Achenes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

James L. Jordan ,
David W. Staniforth  and
Catalina M. Jordan
James L. Jordan
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot. and Plant Sci., Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521 (formerly Grad. Res. Asst., Plant Pathol., Seed and Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ.)
David W. Staniforth
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Pathol., Seed and Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011
Catalina M. Jordan
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Pathol., Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum L.) achenes were harvested from plants growing either free from competition or in competition with corn (Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3780′) plants. Seeds were dormant when harvested. After 15 weeks of prechilling, 4 and 35% of the seeds germinated from plants with and without corn competition, respectively; after 30 weeks of prechilling, more than 92% of all seeds germinated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the carpel walls of achenes from plants with corn competition were porous with many channels. Carpel walls of achenes from plants without corn competition were without pores and channels. Transmission electron microscopy showed more lipid bodies in the embryo epidermal cells of seeds from plants with corn competition. Cell walls of embryos from non-prechilled seeds from plants with corn competition contained lipoidosomes that traversed cell walls. Lipoidosomes did not occur in cells of prechilled seeds.

Keywords

Zea mayscrop competitionelectron microscopycell structuregermination
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , May 1982 , pp. 243 - 248
Copyright
Copyright © 1982 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Austin, R. B. 1963. Yield of onions from seed as affected by place and method of seed production. J. Hortic. Sci. 38:277–285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Harper, J. L. 1957. The ecological significance of dormancy and its importance in weed control. Proc. 4th Int. Congr. Crop Prot. 4:415–420.Google Scholar
3. Jordan, J. L. and Montecillo, C. M. 1981. Parental stress and prechilling effects on Polygonum pensylvanicum parental growth habit and seed germination. Bot. Soc. Am. Conf. Proc. 160:51.Google Scholar
4. Kigel, J., Ofir, M., and Koller, D. 1977. Control of the germination responses of Amaranthus retroflexus L. seeds by their parental photothermal environment. J. Exp. Bot. 28:1125–1136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Koller, D. 1962. Preconditioning of germination in lettuce at time of fruit ripening. Am. J. Bot. 49:841–844.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Neubauer, B. F. 1971. The development of the achene of Polygonum pensylvanicum: Embryo, endosperm, and pericarp. Am. J. Bot. 58:655–664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Reynolds, E. S. 1963. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. J. Cell. Biol. 17:208–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Roberts, E. H. and Smith, R. D. 1977. Dormancy and the pentose phosphate pathway. Pages 385–411 in Khan, A. A., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Dormancy and Germination. North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
9. Rost, T. L. 1972. The ultrastructure and physiology of protein bodies and lipids from hydrated dormant and non-dormant embryos of Setaria lutescens (Gramineae.). Am. J. Bot. 59:607–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Von Abrams, G. J. and Hand, M. E. 1956. Seed dormancy in Rosa as a function of climate. Am. J. Bot. 43:7–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar