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Influence of water stress and surfactant on the efficacy, absorption, and translocation of glyphosate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Hans de Ruiter  and
Esther Meinen
Esther Meinen
Affiliation:
DLO Research Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility, P.O. Box 14, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract

Black nightshade was subjected to two degrees of water stress by adding polyethylene glycol 20,000 (PEG) to the nutrient solution 5 d before treatment with glyphosate. The ED50 values for glyphosate, determined from dose-response curves, demonstrated that both degrees of water stress strongly increased the ED50, with and without the surfactant Ethomeen T/25 in the spray solution. The surfactant reduced the ED50 5-, 4.6-, and 6.9-fold at 0, 15, and 20% PEG, respectively. A 14C study demonstrated that unstressed plants absorbed 22% of applied glyphosate. Without surfactant, water stress reduced foliar absorption 2.2-fold at 15% PEG and 4.5-fold at 20% PEG. With surfactant, the foliar absorption was 35% of the applied amount in unstressed and water-stressed plants. The surfactant and PEG reduced the translocation efficiency of glyphosate. The surfactant had the most pronounced influence and reduced the translocation efficiency 1.5-fold at 0% PEG, 2.2-fold at 15% PEG, and 1.8-fold at 20% PEG. Induction or removal of water stress 24 h after glyphosate treatment indicated that plant growth rate is positively correlated with glyphosate efficacy. It was concluded that the surfactant can overcome the adverse influence of water stress on foliar absorption of glyphosate but not the adverse, postapplication influence of water stress on glyphosate efficacy.

Keywords

GlyphosateEthomeen T/25black nightshade, Solanum nigrum L. SOLNIClimatepolyethylene glycolSOLNI
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 3 , June 1998 , pp. 289 - 296
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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