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Influence of Herbaceous Interference on Growth and Biomass Partitioning in Planted Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John R. Britt ,
Bruce R. Zutter ,
Robert J. Mitchell ,
Dean H. Gjerstad  and
John F. Dickson
John R. Britt
Affiliation:
School of Forestry and Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., AL 36849-5418. Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn. J. Ser. No. 9-902421P
Bruce R. Zutter
Affiliation:
School of Forestry and Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., AL 36849-5418. Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn. J. Ser. No. 9-902421P
Robert J. Mitchell
Affiliation:
School of Forestry and Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., AL 36849-5418. Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn. J. Ser. No. 9-902421P
Dean H. Gjerstad
Affiliation:
School of Forestry and Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., AL 36849-5418. Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn. J. Ser. No. 9-902421P
John F. Dickson
Affiliation:
School of Forestry and Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., AL 36849-5418. Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn. J. Ser. No. 9-902421P
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Abstract

Three herbaceous regimes were established, using herbicides, to examine the effects of interference on growth and biomass partitioning in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Trees were sampled near Auburn and Tallassee, AL. Trees at the Auburn site grown with low weed interference (LWI) had 4, 10, 10, 8, and 4 times greater total aboveground biomass than did trees with high weed interference (HWI) for ages one through five, respectively. Medium weed interference (MWI, Auburn site only) resulted in three times greater biomass the first 4 yr and two times greater total biomass by the fifth year compared to trees grown with HWI. Trees growing with LWI were 5, 8, 10, and 6 times larger than those with HWI for ages one through four, respectively, at the Tallassee site. At all levels of interference, the percentage of total biomass in foliage decreased, and stem and branch components increased, with increasing tree size at both sites. Trees growing with HWI had a lower percentage of total biomass in foliage and a greater percentage of total biomass in stem than those growing with LWI when compared over a common size. Growth efficiency per tree, expressed as annual increase in stem biomass per unit leaf area (g m−2), was slightly greater for trees growing with LWI compared to HWI when leaf area index (LAI3, total surface) was less than 0.2. For LAI values greater than 0.2 the relationship was reversed. The latter contradicts the idea that growth efficiency can be used as a measure of vigor for young loblolly pine. Changes in carbon partitioning to the development of leaf area are suggested to be driving the accelerated growth responses associated with a reduction of weed interference.

Keywords

Picloram, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidtriclopyr, [(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acidglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycinesulfometuron, 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl) amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl] benzoic acidloblolly pine, Pinus taeda L.horseweed, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq # ERICAdogfennel, Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small # EUPCPbroomsedge, Andropogon virginicus L. # ANOVIpanicum grass, Panicum spp.blackberry, Rubus spp.Japanese honeysuckle, Lonicera japonica Thunb. # LONJAcommon lespedeza, Lespedeza striata (Thunb.) H. & A. # LESSTsericea lespedeza, Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont) G. Don # LESCUFlorida pusley, Richardia scabra L. # RCHSCAmerican burnweed, Erechtites hieraciifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. # EREHIGrowth efficiencyleaf arealeaf area index
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 38 , Issue 6 , November 1990 , pp. 497 - 503
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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