Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:18:58.616Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of environmental factors on after-ripened crowfootgrass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) seed germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ian C. Burke ,
Walter E. Thomas ,
Janet F. Spears  and
John W. Wilcut
Ian C. Burke
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, Box 7620, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Walter E. Thomas
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, Box 7620, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Janet F. Spears
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, Box 7620, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Laboratory and greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the effect of temperature, pH, water stress, and planting depth on crowfootgrass germination. When treated with constant temperature, crowfootgrass germinated over a range of 15 to 40 C, with the optimum germination occurring at 30 C (42%). Onset, rate, and total germination (94%) were greatest in an alternating 20 and 35 C temperature regime. Germination decreased as pH increased, with greatest germination occurring at pH 4 and 5. Germination was reduced when seed was subjected to water stress, and no germination occurred below −0.8 mPa. Emergence was similar when seed were placed on the soil surface or buried at depths of 0.5 or 1 cm. Germination decreased with burial depth, and no seed emerged from 10 cm. These data suggest that crowfootgrass may emerge later in the season with warmer temperatures and after a precipitation event, and may emerge rapidly. These attributes could contribute to poor control later in the season by soil-applied herbicides or allow crowfootgrass to emerge after final postemergence treatments are made.

Keywords

Crowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. DTTAEAlternating temperaturepHscarificationwater stressweed biology
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 51 , Issue 3 , June 2003 , pp. 342 - 347
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Adu, A. A., Yeo, A. R., and Okusanya, O. T. 1994. The response to salinity of a population of Dactyloctenium aegyptium from a saline habitat in southern Nigeria. J. Trop. Ecol. 10:219–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Askew, S. D. and Wilcut, J. W. 2001. Tropic croton interference in cotton. Weed Sci. 49:184–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baskin, C. C. and Baskin, J. M. 1998. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. New York: Academic Press. 212 p.Google Scholar
Bhowmik, P. C. 1997. Weed biology: importance to weed management. Weed Sci. 45:349–356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bridges, D. C., Kvien, C. K., Hook, J. E., and Stark, C. R. Jr. 1994a. An Analysis of the Use and Benefits of Pesticides in U.S.-Grown Peanut: I Southeastern Production Region. Tifton, GA: National Environmentally Sound Production Agriculture Laboratory. 42 p.Google Scholar
Bridges, D. C., Kvien, C. K., Hook, J. E., and Stark, C. R. Jr. 1994b. An Analysis of the Use and Benefits of Pesticides in U.S.-Grown Peanut: III Virginia-Carolina Production Region. Tifton, GA: National Environmentally Sound Production Agriculture Laboratory. 39 p.Google Scholar
Buchanan, G. A., Hoveland, C. S., and Harris, M. C. 1975. Response of weeds to soil pH. Weed Sci. 23:473–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Hartzler, R. G. 2001. Emergence and persistence of seed of velvetleaf, common waterhemp, woolly cupgrass, and giant foxtail. Weed Sci. 49:230–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burke, I. C., Thomas, W. E., Spears, J. F., and Wilcut, J. W. 2002. Influence of environmental factors on broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) germination. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 42:81.Google Scholar
Doub, J. P., Wilson, H. P., Hines, T. E., and Hatzios, K. K. 1988. Consecutive annual applications of alachlor and metolachlor to continuous no-till corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 36:340–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Draper, N. R. and Smith, H. 1981. Applied Regression Analysis. New York: J. Wiley. pp. 33–42, 511.Google Scholar
Dyer, W. E. 1995. Exploiting weed seed dormancy and germination requirements through agronomic practices. Weed Sci. 43:498–503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fausey, J. C. and Renner, K. A. 1997. Germination, emergence, and growth of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum). Weed Sci. 45:423–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gortner, R. A. Jr. 1949. Outlines of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 82–87.Google Scholar
Gupta, K. C. 1973. Factors influencing dormancy in seeds of crowfootgrass. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanz. BPP. 164:582–587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartzler, R. G. and Roth, G. W. 1993. Effect of prior year's weed control on herbicide effectiveness in corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 7:611–614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hitchcock, A. S. and Agnes, C. 1971. Manual of the Grasses of the United States. New York: Dover. pp. 593–594.Google Scholar
Holm, J. R., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. V., and Plucknett, D. L. 1979. A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 119 p.Google Scholar
Kumar, A., Joshi, M. C., and Ramesh, B. V. 1971. Some factors influencing the germination of seeds in two desert grasses. Trop. Ecol. 12:202–208.Google Scholar
Larsen, A. L. 1965. Use of the thermogradient plate for studying temperature effects on seed germination. Proc. Int. Seed Test. Assoc. 30:861–868.Google Scholar
McIntosh, M. S. 1983. Analysis of combined experiments. Agron. J. 75:153–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michel, B. E. 1983. Evaluation of the water potentials of solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000 both in the absence and presence of other solutes. Plant Physiol. 72:66–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nishimoto, R. K. and McCarty, L. B. 1997. Fluctuating temperature and light influence seed germination of goosegrass (Eleusine indica). Weed Sci. 45:426–429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okusanya, O. T. and Sonaike, A. A. 1991. Germination behaviour of Dactyloctenium aegyptium from two localities in Nigeria. Physiol. Plantarum. 81:489–494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owenby, J. R. and Ezell, D. S. 1992. Climatography of the United States. No. 81. Daily Normals of Temperature and Heating and Cooling Degree Days North Carolina 1961–1990. Asheville, NC: United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center. 26 p.Google Scholar
Peters, J., ed. 2000. Association of Official Seed Analysts Tetrazoleum Testing Handbook Contribution #29, 1st Revision. Lincoln, NB: Assoc. Off. Seed Anal. pp. 19–21.Google Scholar
Potter, R. L., Peterson, J. L., and Ueckert, D. N. 1984. Germination responses of Opuntia spp. to temperature, scarification, and other seed treatments. Weed Sci. 32:106–110.Google Scholar
Prostko, E. P., Johnson, W. C. III, and Mullinix, B. G. Jr. 2001. Annual grass control with preplant incorporated and preemergence applications of ethalfluralin and pendimethalin in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Technol. 15:36–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Radford, A. E., Ahles, H. E., and Bell, C. R. 1973. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press. 116 p.Google Scholar
Roché, C. T., Thill, D. C., and Shafii, B. 1997. Estimation of base and optimum temperatures for seed germination in common crupina (Crupina vulgaris). Weed Sci. 45:539–533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1998. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Release 7.00. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1028 p.Google Scholar
Sharma, B. M. and Chivinge, A. O. 1982. Contributions to the ecology of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) P. Beauv. J. Range Manag. 35:326–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, G. M. 1990. Seed Dormancy in Grasses. New York: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. 35 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Surrey, W.L.S. 1986. Systematics of chloridoid grasses. Pages 277–286 In Soderstrom, T. R., Hilu, K. W., Campbell, C. S. and Barkworth, M. E., eds. International Symposium on Grass Systematics and Evolution. Washington D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Taylorson, R. B. and Brown, M. M. 1977. Accelerated after-ripening for overcoming seed dormancy in grass weeds. Weed Sci. 25:473–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tucker, M. R., Messick, J. K., and Carter, C. C. 1997. Crop Fertilization Based on North Carolina Soil Tests. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Agronomic Division, p. 4. [Agronomic Division Circular No. 1, revised].Google Scholar
Watson, L. and Dallwitz, M. J. 1992. The Grass Genera of the World. Wallingford, U.K.: CAB International. pp. 276–277.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. G. 1988. Biology of weed seeds in the soil. Pages 25–39 In Altieri, M. A. and Liebman, M., eds. Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Ecological approaches. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.Google Scholar