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In Vitro Production of Superoxide Radical from Paraquat and Its Interactions by Monuron and Diuron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

G.N. Giannopolitis  and
S.K. Ries
G.N. Giannopolitis
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Pesticide Res. Center, Michigan State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824
S.K. Ries
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Pesticide Res. Center, Michigan State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824
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Abstract

The abilities of herbicides to either produce superoxide radical or react with this radical were examined. The effect of the herbicides on the superoxide-induced reduction of p-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride was used as an index. Paraquat (1,1-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) enhanced and diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] inhibited the reduction of p-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride. Paraquat was reduced photochemically (riboflavin/methionine) or enzymatically (xanthine/xanthine oxidase) and produced superoxide radical upon reoxidation. Diuron and monuron [3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] interacted with photochemically produced superoxide radical, but not with enzymatically produced superoxide radical. The product of the monuron/superoxide interaction was a demethylated, dechlorinated, water-soluble compound containing phenolic hydroxyl group(s), and was not toxic to oats (Avena sativa L.). The enzyme superoxide dismutase prevented the formation of this product.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , July 1977 , pp. 298 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © 1977 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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