Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-cjp7w Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T12:06:56.497Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

High temperatures and durations of exposure reduce nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) tuber viability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Theodore M. Webster
Theodore M. Webster*
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA 31793; [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Soil solarization has been proposed as an alternative to methyl bromide for controlling nutsedges. Little is known, however, about the relationship between soil solarization and nutsedge tuber viability. Combinations of elevated temperatures and durations of exposure were evaluated for their effect on purple nutsedge and yellow nutsedge tuber viability and new tuber production in growth chamber studies. Estimates of the duration of exposure at each temperature that reduced nutsedge growth parameters 50% (TT50) were supplied by log-logistic regression analysis. Nutsedge tuber viability was reduced when temperatures were ≥ 45 C. Relative to purple nutsedge, yellow nutsedge tuber viability had smaller TT50 values for 45, 50, and 55 C. Tuber viability TT50 at 60 C was similar for both nutsedges. The TT50 for production of new purple nutsedge tubers at 50 C was larger than that for yellow nutsedge. However, there were no differences between species in TT50 values for new tuber production at higher temperatures. With sufficient durations of exposure, both purple and yellow nutsedge tubers were killed at temperatures ≥ 50 C. However, application of these data to field situations in Georgia may be limited using present technology because the soil temperature cannot be raised to high enough levels for acceptable solarization effects.

Keywords

Purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. CYPROyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. CYPESMethyl bromide alternativepurple nutsedgesolarizationyellow nutsedge
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 51 , Issue 6 , December 2003 , pp. 1010 - 1015
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Chase, C. A., Sinclair, T. R., Chellemi, D. O., Olson, S. M., Glireath, J. P., and Locascio, S. J. 1999a. Heat-retentive films for increasing soil temperatures during solarization in a humid, cloudy environment. Hortic. Sci 34:1085–1089.Google Scholar
Chase, C. A., Sinclair, T. R., and Locascio, S. J. 1999b. Effects of soil temperature and tuber depth on Cyperus spp. control. Weed Sci 47:467–472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chase, C. A., Sinclair, T. R., Shilling, D. G., Gilreath, J. P., and Locascio, S. J. 1998. Light effects on rhizome morphogenesis in nutsedges (Cyperus spp): implications for control by soil solarization. Weed Sci 46:575–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chellemi, D. O., Olson, S. M., Mitchell, D. J., Secker, I., and McSorley, R. 1997. Adaptation of soil solarization to the integrated management of soilborne pests of tomato under humid conditions. Phytopathology 87:250–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chellemi, D. O., Olson, S. M., Scott, J. W., Mitchell, D. J., and McSorley, R. 1993. Reduction of phytoparasitic nematodes on tomato by soil solarization and genotype. J. Nematol 25:800–805.Google ScholarPubMed
DeLuca, V., Immirizi, B., Malinconico, M., Manera, C., and Mazza, S. 1996. Comparison of the thermal efficiency of low density polyethylene and polyethyleneterephthalate films for soil solarization. J. Polym. Mater 13:329–333.Google Scholar
Doherty, B. A., Dykes, N., and McKissick, J. C. 2002. 2001 Georgia Farm Gate Value Report. 202 p. www.agecon.uga.edu/∼caed/FINAL.pdf.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. 1983. Weed seed and seedling reductions by soil solarization with transparent polyethylene sheets. Weed Sci 31:404–409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elmore, C. D. 1991. Weed control by solarization. Pages 61–72 in Katan, J. and DeVay, J. E. eds. Soil Solarization. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.Google Scholar
Glantz, S. A. and Slinker, B. K. 2001. Primer of Applied Regression and Analysis of Variance. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Pp. 25–28.Google Scholar
Ham, J. M., Kluitenberg, G. J., and Lamont, W. J. 1993. Optical properties of plastic mulches affect the field temperature regime. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci 118:188–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, H. F. and Fery, R. L. 1998. Response of leading bell pepper varieties to bentazon herbicide. Hortic. Sci 33:318–320.Google Scholar
Hauser, E. W. 1962a. Development of purple nutsedge under field conditions. Weeds 10:315–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hauser, E. W. 1962b. Establishment of nutsedge from space-planted tubers. Weeds 10:209–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hejazi, M. J., Kastler, J. D., and Norris, R. F. 1980. Control of yellow nutsedge by tarping the soil with clear polyethylene plastic. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci 33:120–126.Google Scholar
Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii. 609 p.Google Scholar
Holt, J. S. and Orcutt, D. R. 1996. Temperature thresholds for bud sprouting in perennial weeds and seed germination in cotton. Weed Sci 44:523–533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoogenboom, G. 2003. Georgia Automated Environmental Monitoring Network. www.georgiaweather.net.Google Scholar
Horowitz, M. 1972. Growth, tuber formation and spread of Cyperus rotundus L. from single tubers. Weed Res 12:348–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, M. 1992. Mechanisms of establishment and spreading of Cyperus rotundus—the worst weed of warm regions. Proc. First Int. Weed Contol Congr 1:94–97.Google Scholar
Horowitz, M., Regev, Y., and Herzlinger, G. 1983. Solarization for weed control. Weed Sci 31:170–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katan, J. 1981. Solar heating (solarization) of soil for control of soilborne pests. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol 19:211–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, B., Yaduraju, N. T., Ahuja, K. N., and Prasad, D. 1993. Effect of soil solarization on weeds and nematodes under tropical Indian conditions. Weed Res 33:423–429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lapham, J. and Drennan, D. S. H. 1990. The fate of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) seed and seedlings in soil. Weed Sci 38:125–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Majek, B. A. and Neary, P. E. 1991. Selective wavelength transmitting mulch for yellow nutsedge control. Proc. Brighton Crop Prot. Conf 1:263–268.Google Scholar
Mavrogianopoulos, G. N., Frangoudakis, A., and Pandelakis, J. 2000. Energy efficient soil disinfestation by microwaves. J. Agric. Eng. Res 75:149–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miles, J. E., Kawabata, O., and Nishimoto, R. K. 2002. Modelling purple nutsedge sprouting under soil solarization. Weed Sci 50:64–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miles, J. E., Nishimoto, R. K., and Kawabata, O. 1996. Diurnally alternating temperatures stimulate sprouting of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tubers. Weed Sci 44:122–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mormile, P., Petti, L., Immirzi, B., Malinconico, M., De Luca, V., and Manera, C. 2001. Optical characterization of polymeric films by a new methodological approach. Appl. Spectrosc 55:858–863.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, D. T. 1998. Suppression of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) with polyethylene film mulch. Weed Technol 12:275–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pullman, G. S., DeVay, J. E., and Garber, R. H. 1981. Soil solarization and thermal death: a logarithmic relationship between time and temperature for four soilborne plant pathogens. Phytopathology 71:959–964.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, J. S. 1968. Studies on the development of tubers in nutgrass and their starch content at different depths of soil. Madras Agric. J 55:18–23.Google Scholar
Ricci, M. D. F., De Almeida, D. L, Fernandes, M. D. A., Ribeiro, R. D. D., and Cantanheide, M. C. D. 2000. Effects of soil solarization on purple nutsedge population density and on productivity of vegetable crops under organic cultivation. Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras 35:2175–2179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubin, B. and Benjamin, A. 1983. Solar heating of the soil: effect on weed control and on soil-incorporated herbicides. Weed Sci 31:819–825.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubin, B. and Benjamin, A. 1984. Solar heating of the soil: involvement of environmental factors in the weed control process. Weed Sci 32:138–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seefeldt, S. S., Jensen, J. E., and Fuerst, E. P. 1995. Log-logistic analysis of herbicide dose-response relationships. Weed Technol 9:218–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siriwardana, G. and Nishimoto, R. K. 1987. Propagules of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) in soil. Weed Technol 1:217–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, E. V. and Fick, G. L. 1937. Nutgrass eradication studies I. Relation of the life history of nutgrass, Cyperus rotundus L., to possible methods of control. Agron. J 29:1007–1013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Standifer, L. C., Wilson, P. W., and Porche-Sorbet, R. 1984. Effects of solarization on soil weed populations. Weed Sci 32:569–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stapleton, J. J. 2000. Soil solarization in various agricultural production systems. Crop Prot 19:837–841.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tumbleson, M. E. and Kommedahl, T. 1961. Reproductive potential of Cyperus esculentus by tubers. Weeds 9:646–653.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
USDA-ARS 1999. Administration extends deadline on methyl bromide ban to 2005. Methyl Bromide Altern. Newslett. 5:1. www.ars.usda.gov/is/np/mba/jan99/index.htm.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2002. Weed survey—southern states: vegetable, fruit and nut crops subsection. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc 55:237–258.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2003. Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) eradication: impossible dream?. http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_p028.pdf.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. and MacDonald, G. E. 2001. A survey of weeds in various crops in Georgia. Weed Technol 15:771–790.CrossRefGoogle Scholar