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Herbicides as Probes in Plant Biology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Franck E. Dayan ,
Stephen O. Duke  and
Klaus Grossmann
Franck E. Dayan*
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677
Stephen O. Duke
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677
Klaus Grossmann
Affiliation:
BASF Agricultural Center Limburgerhof, Speyerer Strasse, D-67117 Limburgerhof, Germany
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Herbicides are small molecules that inhibit specific molecular target sites within plant biochemical pathways and/or physiological processes. Inhibition of these sites often has catastrophic consequences that are lethal to plants. The affinity of these compounds for their respective target sites makes them useful tools to study and dissect the intricacies of plant biochemical and physiological processes. For instance, elucidation of the photosynthetic electron transport chain was achieved in part by the use of herbicides, such as terbutryn and paraquat, which act on photosystem II and I, respectively, as physiological probes. Work stemming from the discovery of the binding site of PS II–inhibiting herbicides was ultimately awarded the Nobel Prize in 1988. Although not as prestigious as the seminal work on photosynthesis, our knowledge of many other plant processes expanded significantly through the ingenious use of inhibitors as molecular probes. Examples highlight the critical role played by herbicides in expanding our understanding of the fundamental aspects of the synthesis of porphyrins and the nonmevalonate pathway, the evolution of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, cell wall physiology, the functions of microtubules and the cell cycle, the role of auxin and cyanide, the importance of subcellular protein targeting, and the development of selectable markers.

Keywords

Molecular probeherbicides as toolschemical geneticsproteomicsmetabolomicsgenomicsmode of action
Type
Symposium
Information
Weed Science , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 340 - 350
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America

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