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Herbicide Resistance Endowed by Enhanced Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Wild Oat (Avena spp.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

M. S. Ahmad-Hamdani ,
Qin Yu ,
Heping Han ,
Gregory R. Cawthray ,
Shao F. Wang  and
Stephen B. Powles
M. S. Ahmad-Hamdani
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (M086) and School of Plant Biology, the University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Qin Yu*
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (M086) and School of Plant Biology, the University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Heping Han
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (M086) and School of Plant Biology, the University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Gregory R. Cawthray
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (M086) and School of Plant Biology, the University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Shao F. Wang
Affiliation:
ChemCentre, Resources and Chemistry Precinct, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia, and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture UWA
Stephen B. Powles
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (M086) and School of Plant Biology, the University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The biochemical basis of resistance to the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide diclofop-methyl was investigated in a resistant wild oat population (R1), which does not exhibit a resistant ACCase. Rates of foliar uptake and translocation of [14C]-diclofop were the same in the R1 vs. susceptible (S) populations. However, the level of phytotoxic diclofop acid was always found to be lower in the R1 vs. S plants, with a concomitant higher level (up to 1.7-fold) of nontoxic polar diclofop metabolites in R1 relative to the S plants. These results indicate that a non–target-site-based mechanism of enhanced rate of diclofop acid metabolism confers resistance in population R1. Moreover, the high-performance liquid chromotography elution profile of the major diclofop metabolites in R1 is similar to that of wheat, suggesting resistance in individuals of population R1 involves a wheat-like detoxification system mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. In addition, lower level of tissue diclofop acid was also observed using nonradioactive ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis in resistant individuals of three other resistant wild oat populations (R2, R3, and R4) known to posses ACCase gene resistance mutations. These results establish that either one or at least two independent resistance mechanisms (target-site ACCase resistance mutations and non–target-site enhanced rates of herbicide metabolism) can be present in individual wild oat plants.

Keywords

Diclofop-methylwild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFAHerbicide uptake and translocationmultiple resistance mechanismsnon-target-site based resistance
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 1 , March 2013 , pp. 55 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

References

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